INTRODUCTORY MENTAL HEALTH NURSING Donna M. Womble 2005.

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Presentation transcript:

INTRODUCTORY MENTAL HEALTH NURSING Donna M. Womble 2005

Chapter 19: Psychopharmacology

Pharmacologic Agents and Mental Illness Psychotherapeutic drug agents –Symptomatic treatment –Psychotropic drugs –Effects on neurotransmitters –Lipid-solubility of brain barrier

Classification of Drug Agents Antianxiety agents Antidepressants Antimanic agents Antipsychotic agents Antiparkinson (anticholinergic) agents

Drug-Related Information for the Nurse Desired therapeutic effect Side effects Adverse effects Normal dosage ranges Indications for use/contraindications Nursing diagnoses Nursing interventions Client/family teaching Outcome evaluation

Antianxiety (Anxiolytic) Agents Indications for use –Anxiety and anxiety disorders –Acute alcohol withdrawal –Skeletal muscle spasms –Convulsive and seizure disorders –Status epilepticus –Preoperative sedation

Therapeutic Antianxiety Agents Antihistamines Benzodiazepines Propanediols Miscellaneous

Antidepressants Indications for use –Major depression –Dysthymic and bipolar disorders –Childhood disorders –Obsessive-compulsive disorders –ADHD –Panic disorder –Chronic pain –Associated organic diseases

Antidepressant Drug Agents Tricyclic antidepressants Heterocyclics Serotonin-specific Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) Nonselective Reuptake Inhibitors Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)

Mood Stabilizing Drug Agents Indications for use –Manic episodes associated with bipolar disorders –Bipolar maintenance therapy –Migraine headaches –Schizoaffective disorders

Mood Stabilizing Drug Agents Antimanic –Lithium carbonate Anticonvulsants Calcium-channel blocker

Antipsychotic Agents Indications for use –Acute and chronic psychosis –Mania –Dementia-induced psychosis –Intractable hiccups –Control of tics and vocal disturbances Adverse reactions and side effects –Anticholinergic effects –Extrapyramidal side effects

Antipsychotic Drug Agents Phenothiazines Risperidone (Risperdal) Haloperidol (Haldol) Loxipane (Loxitane) Clozapine (Clozaril) Quetiapine (Seroquel) Molindone (Moban) Olanzapine (Zyprexa) Thiothixene (Navane)