Monday, May 9 th, 2016.  In Chemistry, many reactions take place in water. This is also true for Biological processes.  Reactions that take place in.

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Presentation transcript:

Monday, May 9 th, 2016

 In Chemistry, many reactions take place in water. This is also true for Biological processes.  Reactions that take place in water are said to occur in an aqueous solution.  Three types of reactions take place in aqueous solutions: Precipitation, Acid- Base and Redox.

 Solution- a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.  Solute- a substance in a solution that is present in the smallest amount.  Solvent- a substance in a solution that is present in the largest amount.  In an aqueous solution, the solute is a liquid or solid and the solvent is always water.

Solutions solute Solvent When the solvent is water the solution is said to be aqueous

A concentration that expresses the moles of solute in 1 L of solution Molarity (M) = moles of solute 1 liter solution Other Common Rearrangements:

2.0 M HCl = 2.0 moles HCl 1 L HCl solution 6.0 M HCl= 6.0 moles HCl 1 L HCl solution

NaOH is used to open stopped sinks, to treat cellulose in the making of nylon, and to remove potato peels commercially. If 4.0 g NaOH are used to make 500. mL of NaOH solution, what is the molarity (M) of the solution?

4.0 g NaOH x 1 mole NaOH = 0.10 mole NaOH 40.0 g NaOH 500. mL x 1 L = L 1000 mL 0.10 mole NaOH = 0.20 mole NaOH L 1 L = 0.20 M NaOH

3.0 moles NaOH and 1 L NaOH soln 1 L NaOH soln 3.0 moles NaOH A solution is a 3.0 M NaOH. Write the molarity in the form of conversion factors.