DR A U MEHTA PROFESSOR & HEAD OBG PDU MEDICAL COLLEGE, RAJKOT Systems Approach in Medical Education

Objectives of the Session (30 minutes) At the end of the session Participants Define the Medical Education as a System and understand its components & Discuss Role of Educator as System Specialist- w. r. t. Educational Issues by System Approach DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 2

Personal Quote by Ashok Khemka; Haryana IAS Officer Governance Niyat ki baat hoti hai. It needs only integrity, ethics and some ordinary intellect. -As said to Indian Express August 18, 2013 DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 3

Governance of……a.. SYSTEM With Diligence DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 4

What is a System? A system (Medical College) is a functional entity consisting of a number of interdependent and related components and subsystems System DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 5.

Systems Approach? 6 DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET

How a System Works? The Pentagon System Objectives Input Process Output Feedback 7 DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET

Objectives National / State- O Institutional- o Departmental- o Specific- o DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 8

Inputs DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 9 Reading Resources Laboratories Clinics Funds Curriculum Teaching aids Learning opportunities like lectures, seminars, tutorials, workshops, demonstrations, skill coaching etc Teachers: Professors/ Tutors Administrators Supportive Staff MCI/Govt/University/ Institutional Guidelines Environment Student Factors

Strength of a System The system is that there is no system. That doesn't mean we don't have process. Apple is a very disciplined company, and we have great processes. But that's not what it's about. Process makes you more efficient. Steve Jobs DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 10

Processes vis a vis Objectives DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 11 Entrance tests Curriculum Planning Evaluation Educational Review by College Council Reforms by College/MCI Recruitment Educational and Managerial Audits Feedback Analysis Process Mapping

Outcome (Objectives) DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 12 Evaluation Results Failures/Success Proficiency in various skills like, ability to Diagnose, Treat, Operate, Communicate, Counsel etc….. Placements Achievements of students, staff, institutions Research

Feedback DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 13

System Is it complete without Feedback? Reforms are not possible without recognizing the feedback from the stakeholders of the system; i.e. Students, Parents, Teachers, Managers, Public. DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 14

Point of Views I can't be a hypocrite as a coach because, as a player that's what I wanted. I wanted feedback, I wanted communication from the boss. I showed up for work, you can yell at me if you want, but I want input. So that's the kind of coach I want to be. Adam Oates Canadian Athlete, 1962 When you have too many people and you're trying to satisfy everybody's input, you usually end up with something so incredibly generic that it has no point of view. Rob Zombie American Musician, 1966 DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 15

System Approach ? DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 16

System Analysis and Systems Approach Dynamic Process of understanding system problems and provide solutions by logical thinking which is repetitive What are we doing- Curriculum planning Kerns Model of Curriculum planning- Gen Needs assessment, targeted needs assessment, Objectives of curriculum, teaching methods, implementation strategy, evaluation & feedback. How are we doing- Evaluation, Teaching-Learning Methods, Opportunities of learning Goals -are they realistic ( i.e. Problem based)? 17 DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET

Systems Approach DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 18 1 Identify major problems looking at the scope of the system, Environment, constraints, restraints 2 Specify Objectives for Action 3 Analysis of Tasks involved in achieving the Objectives 4 Assess the total Input and Constraints of the System 5 Propose alternatives 6 Identify Preferred solution for given context 7 Design and Apply preferred solution 8 Modify Components of System based on feedback of above alternative

Designed Influenced GOALS ENVIRON System DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 19

Influences/Constraints/Environ/Values Medical Council of IndiaGovernment Institutional /University Mechanisms Internal/External Factor Society Medical Education System DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 20

Why a System Fails? It has always seemed strange to me... …. the things we admire in men, kindness and generosity, openness, honesty, understanding and feeling, are the concomitants of failure in our system. And those traits we detest, sharpness, greed, acquisitiveness, meanness, egotism and self-interest, are the traits of success. And while men admire the quality of the first, they love the produce of the second. John Steinbeck, American Author 1968 DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 21

Thank you We CAN always Optimize our System by continuously introducing checks and balances DR A U MEHTA 29/01/2013, 3/9/ 2013 MET 22