HONORS ANATOMY MARCH 10 SAP 4: Analyze the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the cardiovascular system as it relates to bodily functions Opener: What is Blood? What does it do for the body? What is in it? On a ½ sheet of paper, answer these questions to the best of your ability.What is Blood? Work Session: Introduction to the Circulatory System: Blood; PPT notes; Closing: look at your opening; how can you change your answers? On the bottom or back of the ½ sheet, modify your answers as needed, then turn in.

Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells) Anatomy -biconcave Physiology -more surface area to carry oxygen

Erythrocytes Anatomy -1/3 hemoglobin by volume Physiology -protein pigment which results in red color of blood and helps transport oxygen

Erythrocytes Anatomy -lack nuclei --elastic and flexible -formed in red bone marrow Physiology -cannot reproduce -can pass through narrow capillaries -4,200,000 – 6,200,000 per mm 3

Erythrocytes Anatomy -live about 120 days Physiology -become less elastic and get damaged when passing through capillaries -macrophages (especially in the liver) destroy injured or old rbc’s The macrophage destroys the red blood cells that no longer have their biconcave shape. This person probably has malaria.

Erythrocytes under the microscope

Leucocytes (White Blood Cells) Anatomy 5 types 1. neutrophil Physiology Phagocitize (engulf) small particles Click on the picture to watch the video

Leukocytes Anatomy 2. Eosinophil Physiology kills parasites and helps control inflammation and allergic reactions Can you identify this parasite? It’s called a pin worm and it is commonly found in your anus! They make you itch.

Leukocytes Anatomy Basophil Physiology releases heparin (prevents blood clots) and histamine (during an allergy it causes runny nose and watery eyes)

Leukocytes Anatomy Monocyte Physiology phagocytizes large particles

Leukocytes Anatomy Lymphocyte Physiology provides immunity

Leukocytes Anatomy formed in red bone marrow Physiology 5,000-10,000 mm 3

Thrombocytes (Platelets) Anatomy Cell fragment lack a nuclei live for 10 days formed in red bone marrow half the size of rbc Physiology Controls blood loss from broken blood vessels 130, ,000 mm 3

Important fact *Rbc’s, wbc’s and platelets make up 45% of the blood and are collectively known as the “formed elements” erythrocyte (left), thrombocyte (center), and leukocyte (right) Electron microscope image

Blood Plasma Anatomy 92 % water 8% dissolved organic molecules Physiology transports nutrients, gases, and vitamins regulates fluid and electrolyte balance maintains favorable pH

Important fact Plasma makes up 55% of the blood. You are now ready to complete the introductory homework.