Pure Substances and Mixtures TEST REVIEW

Matter anything that takes up space and has mass Properties describe the characteristics of matter - colour, odour, taste, feel, density, boiling point, and melting point Be able to look at something and list some of its properties. E.g. water Homogeneous matter 1 set of properties - cannot see bits of different materials in it looks the same throughout Heterogeneous matter more than one set of properties - can see bits of different stuff in it Be able to look at something and identify whether it is homogeneous or heterogeneous. Beverage Lab What makes these three beverages heterogeneous? What is the difference between skim milk and homogenized milk under a microscope?

Pure Substance has only one kind of matter in it cannot be separated into different substances Mechanical Mixture a combination of different substances whose parts are still visible – it is heterogeneous Solution homogeneous mixture – it is mixed together so well that you can only see one thing. can be solid, liquid, or gas Two parts of a solution Solute and solvent Be able to identify the solute and the solvent in a solution. Dissolving making a solution by mixing two or more substances

Solute gets dissolved Solvent does the dissolving (always more solvent than solute) Soluble able to be dissolved in a particular solvent Insoluble not able to be dissolved in a particular solvent What determines if something will dissolve The attraction between the solute and solvent particles Concentrated lots of solute in the solvent Dilute relatively little solute in the solvent Sugaring (maple syrup production) How do they concentrate the sap into maple syrup? Concentration The amount of solute in the solvent - measured in grams/litre

Unsaturated Solution more solute could dissolve at the same temperature because there are free solvent particles Saturated Solution no more solute will dissolve at the same temperature because all of the solvent particles are full Supersaurated solution A saturated solution is heated and more solute is dissolved between the particles Hydrometer a device that floats in solutions it floats higher in concentrated solutions and lower in dilute solutions The Dead Sea Concentrated or dilute? Four ways to Speed up the Rate of Dissolving: Stirring Crushing Increasing Temperature Increasing Pressure

Heterogeneous materials - can see two parts Matter Homogeneous materials can see only one thing - one set of properties Homogeneous mixtures They’re mixed together so well you only see one thing – it looks pure but it isn’t Pure substances You can only see one thing because there is only one kind of particle in it. Mechanical Mixture Solution