Factors influencing parenting and caring relationships Parenting Styles
What influences the parent-child relationship? Influences on parents and carers Personal - culture (customs and traditions) - religion (spirituality) - education - previous experience - own upbringing - socioeconomic status - special needs (illness, disability) - Multiple commitments (work, family, sport, study, leisure) 2. Social - media stereotypes - Gender expectations - Community attitudes
Parenting styles There are four general styles of parenting - authoritarian - democratic - permissive/indulgent - negligent
Authoritarian Parents make all rules and decisions Children are disciplined or punished if they don’t meet parental expectations Parents value obedience and control children’s behaviour
Democratic All family members participate in decision-making Punishments and rewards are negotiated between parents and children Discussion of issues is encouraged Each family member’s rights is respected
Permissive or Indulgent Supportive and tolerant parenting Parents exercise little control over children Communication is not effective Non-conformity is encouraged
Negligent Parents fail to meet some or all of children’s needs Parents don’t control children’s behaviour and are not concerned about it Parents don’t take responsibility
For you to do Indicate a particular situation where it would be appropriate for parents to be a) authoritarian b) democratic c) permissive Outline the specific social and legal problems associated with negligent parenting.
Family Well-being The style of parenting followed is significant in the relationship between parents and children and can be a positive or negative influence on family well-being. Whichever style a parent follows, the aim should be to foster a safe, secure, happy and healthy relationship with children.
For you to do For each of the four parenting styles, list TWO advantages and TWO disadvantages for family well-being. Describe how each of the following factors may influence the parenting style followed age of children age of parent(s) parents’ cultural background family structure
Activity Explore each parenting or Caring style and assess the impact it can have on the roles of parents and carers