+ Chem 350 Delmis Hernandez. + What are the main topics of Organic Chemistry 2? Chemistry of benzenes Reactions of alcohols Carbonyl chemistry.

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Presentation transcript:

+ Chem 350 Delmis Hernandez

+ What are the main topics of Organic Chemistry 2? Chemistry of benzenes Reactions of alcohols Carbonyl chemistry

+ Chemistry of benzenes Electrophilic aromatic substitution Aromatic ring acts as nucleophile. Attack by nucleophile occurs on the carbon with the leaving group. Proton is replaced by a potent electrophile. Ortho and para in the presence activating groups (alkyl groups). Meta in the presence of deactivating groups. Nucleophilic aromatic substitution Aromatic ring acts as electrophile. An electron poor aromatic ring is required, an electron withdrawing group (nitro group) and it must be ortho or para to the leaving group. AROMATICITY IS ALWAYS RESTORED!!!!!!

+ EAS or NAS?

+ Reaction of alcohols Protection of alcohol groups with TMS or TBS groups. Reduction of carbonyls to alcohols with NaBH 4, LiAlH 4, or a grignard reagent. Oxidation of alcohols to carbonyls with chromium trioxide in aqueous acid or Dess Martin reagent.

+ Carbonyl Chemistry Nucleophilic Addition reaction Grignard's, alcohols, or any nucleophile that will add and just convert carbonyl to alcohol. Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution Still end up with a carbonyl, just a leaving group is expelled. α -Substitution This occurs at position next to the carbonyl, it is a substitution of an α -hydrogen atom by an electrophile. This process goes on by an enol or enolate ion intermediate. Carbonyl Condensation Two carbonyls react in a combination of nucleophilic addition and α -substitution steps

+ Name this reaction and place it into one of the following categories: Nucleophilic Addition Nucleophilic Acyl substitution α -Substitution Carbonyl Condensation

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