Warm up: ____ Please state if the following are External or Internal Stimuli? 1.Sleep 2.Dust 3.Amount of light 4.Too much cold 5.Pollen 6.Thirst 7.Longer days 8.Fire 9.Hunger 10. drought

Behavioral Responses Refer to how animals cope with changes in their environment

Stimuli --- anything in the environment that causes a reaction 1.Internal Stimuli ---- inside the body such as hunger, thirst, and sleep 2.External Stimuli --- come from the environment such as sunlight, heat, cold, noise

What stimuli are causing this response?

Hibernation A state in which body activity is greatly reduced to conserve food stored inside the body. Animal’s body temperature drops, heartbeat and breathing slow down, uses little energy Examples: ants, snakes, bears, beavers

Migration Movement of animals from one place to another in response to seasonal changes. They travel to areas where food is available. Seasonal migration is controlled by the amount of daylight and weather. Examples: monarch butterflies, orcas, ducks

Defense Camouflage (chameleon) Smells (skunk) Stingers (wasps & bees) Ejection (black ink of octopus; shooting of blood from it’s eyes by the horned lizard) Mimicry (butterfly, “false” coral snake, hawk moth caterpillar, flower flies) Grouping --- happens when animals travel together for protection or to fool predators (zebra, buffalo, herd, packs, schools of fish)

Courtship Behavioral process Adult species try to attract a potential mate Environmental stimuli (seasonal changes) will influence the process. Sensory cues (chemical order cues, sounds, color) will serve as attractants.

Physical Responses How animals respond physically to changes in the environment such as temperature

Shedding May form thick coats of fur or feathers to insulate their body from cold Shed extra covering during hot season

Sweating Getting rid of excess heat as sweat evaporates from the skin, cooling the animal

Panting Getting rid of excess heat by breathing heavily that increase air flow from mouth to lungs

Shivering An involuntary response that transforms energy into heat

Blinking Automatic response to protect eye from drying out, infection and injury

Storing food in form of fat Animals overeat and reduce physical work to conserve energy Examples: bears, penguins

Classwork AnimalStimulusResponse EarthwormSunlight MothCandle or Porch light FishFood DogHeat Food Owner walking into the room CatHeat Fear HorseFly landing on the skin HumanParticle in eye Cold Heat Tiredness Dust in breathing passage

Regulating Temperature Environment Too ColdEnvironment Too Hot Endothermic AnimalsShivering, growing thick hair, growing fat layers, eating often Panting, sweating, shedding hair, eating less Ectothermic AnimalsSeeking warmer places, sunny places, and protection from cold Seeking cooler places, shade, and protection from heat