Do Now How do the Hadley, Ferrel and Polar atmospheric circulation cells create heavy rains in some places and dry conditions in others? SWBAT describe the 6 main biomes and the factors that create them

Biome Types Terrestrial Biomes (+ subtypes): – Deserts (Hot; Cold) – Grasslands (Savannah; Temperate) – Forests (Tropical; Temperate; Boreal) – Tundra Aquatic Biomes: – Marine – Freshwater

Biomes – Vegetation and Climate Terrestrial biomes defined by climate (temp & precipitation) and vegetation (flora). – Ex: Tropical equator – Ex: 30 ° North & 30 ° South of equator This determines what type of animals (fauna) are found.

Biome Distribution 30 °N Equator (0 °) 30 °S 60 °S 60 °N

Vid: Terrestrial Biomes ?course=AP%20Biology%20II&lesson=62&topi c=1&width=600&height=454&topicTitle=The %20Natural%20Setting:%20Overview&skinPat h= s.skins/default

Vid: Aquatic Biomes ?course=AP%20Biology%20II&lesson=62&topi c=1&width=600&height=454&topicTitle=The %20Natural%20Setting:%20Overview&skinPat h= s.skins/default

Biome Focus – Deserts Little moisture = little plant growth Soils are mineral-rich but low in water/humus Hot deserts Cold Deserts

Hot and Dry Desert Yuccas Ocotillo Turpentine bush Prickly Pears False mesquite Sotol Ephedras Agaves Brittlebush

Cold Desert Lichens Bryophytes Antarctic Algae Snow Algae Kelp

Cold Desert Jack RabbitsKangaroo Rats Kangaroo Mice Pocket MiceGrasshopper Mice Antelope Ground Squirrels BadgerKit fox Coyote Mule deer

Biome Focus – Grassland Dominated by fast-growing grasses. Droughts and fires prevent trees. Savannas – Lots of rain concentrated in summer (dry winter) Temperate Grasslands – Prairies (mostly converted to farmland) & Steppes

Savanna

GiraffesGiraffesZebrasWater buffaloes Cheetah BaboonAnts CrocodileWild Dog Termites MeerkatsLionsLeopards HyenasElephantsRhinoceros

Temperate Grassland

Purple needlegrass Blue Grama Buffalo grass Galleta Asters Blazing Stars Coneflowers Goldenrods Sunflowers Clovers Psoraleas Wild Indigos

Biome Focus – Forests Severely impacted by human civilization – Logging, conversion to agriculture = deforestation Tropical Forest – AKA “Jungle”, “Rainforest”; high biodiversity Temperate Forest – Deciduous trees lose/regrow leaves every year Boreal Forest – AKA “Taiga”; snowy, dominated by evergreen trees

Tropical Forests

Lianas Epiphytes (grow on another plant) Ferns Moss Curare Forest Canopy Palms

Temperate Forest

Oak Hickory Beech Hemlock Maple Basswood Cottonwood Elm Willow Spring-flowering herbs

Temperate Forest

Boreal forests, or taiga

Taiga PlantsPlants Balsam Fir Black Spruce Douglas-fir Paper Birch Eastern Red Cedar Jack Pine Siberian White Fir White Poplar Spruce White Spruce

Taiga Animals American Black Bear Bald Eagle Bobcat Canadian Lynx Gray Wolf Grizzly Bear Long-Eared Owl Red Fox River Otter Snowshoe Rabbit Wolverine

Boreal forests, or taiga

Biome Focus – Tundra Coldest biome. Permafrost – Frozen soil layer; blocks water & plant roots Arctic Tundra – Harsh winter  hibernation or migration Alpine Tundra – Occurs on mountains at high altitude

Tundra : The Not-So Barren Land

Biome Focus – Freshwater Ponds and Lakes – Low biodiversity; 3 zones: Littoral, Limnetic, Profundal Streams and Rivers – Cool, clear at Headwaters -> warm, dirty at mouths Wetlands – Standing water; high biodiversity

Biome Focus – Marine Oceans – 4 zones: Intertidal, Pelagic, Benthic, Abyssal Coral Reefs – High biodiversity; VERY sensitive to water temp Estuaries – Freshwater meets oceans; high biodiversity