Postwar Uncertainty Ch. 31 sec. 1 Chart
Albert Einstein – new ideas on space, time, energy & matter Theory of Relativity = time and space can change relative to motion Sigmund Freud – human behavior is irrational or beyond reason
Albert Einstein
Sigmund Freud
Literature Questioned accepted ideas about reason and progress… T.S. Eliot – Western society had lost its spiritual values William Butler Yeats – sense of dark times ahead Franz Kafka – situations can neither understand or escape James Joyce – Ulysses (1922) – broke normal writing style
Philosophy Existentialism – no universal meaning in life Jean Paul Sartre – French leader of movement Friedrich Nietzsche – urged heroic values of pride, assertiveness and strength
Art Expressionists – used bold colors and distorted or exaggerated forms (Paul Klee &Wassily Kandinsky)
Paul Klee
Wassily Kandinsky
Art Expressionists – used bold colors and distorted or exaggerated forms (Paul Klee &Wassily Kandinsky) Cubism – natural shapes into geometric forms (Georges Braque &Pablo Picasso)
Georges Braque
Pablo Picasso
Art Expressionists – used bold colors and distorted or exaggerated forms (Paul Klee &Wassily Kandinsky) Cubism – natural shapes into geometric forms (Georges Braque &Pablo Picasso) Surrealism – wanted to link dreams with real life – “beyond or above reality” (Salvador Dali)
Salvidor Dali
Music Composers moved away from traditional styles… Igor Stravinsky – irregular rhythms and harsh sound Arnold Schoenberg – rejected traditional harmonies and scales Jazz – captured the new freedom of the age
Tech. Cars – new innovations and styles – cheaper … Airplanes – International air travel … Charles Lindbergh
Charles Lindbergh
Tech. Cars – new innovations and styles – cheaper … Airplanes – International air travel … Charles Lindbergh Radio – first commercial station KDKA Pittsburgh (1920) Film – Entertainment! – 90% made in Hollywood -- Charlie Chaplin
Charlie Chaplin