How Machines Changed the World

What is industry?  Industries are specific types of businesses: Usually manufacturing (making stuff) What are some types of manufacturing industries that might have existed in England in 1800? products such as ○ cloth, ○ hardware, ○ jewelry, ○ leather goods, ○ silverware, ○ weapons

Industry before machines  Before the industrial revolution, most of these products were made by hand. Any advantages to this? Any disadvantages to this?

What is the Industrial Revolution?  Industrial Revolution Definition: Time period when the use of power- driven machines was developed to dramatically speed up production.  What are the impacts of speeding up production?

Why did the Industrial Revolution start in England?  There were several factors that made England the place where industrialization began: Colonies abroad ○ Natural resources ○ Markets for finished goods Sea Power – large navy Natural Resources in country – ○ coal, flowing water

Why did the Industrial Revolution start in England?  There were several factors that made England the place where industrialization began: Political Stability ○ Constitutional Monarchy Prime Minister Cabinet Royals had limited power Government Support of Industry Private Investment - Capitalism

Agricultural Changes led the Way  These developments had to precede the industrial revolution - you will see why in a minute.  Improvement in planting technology Jethro Tull – seed drill  New methods: Better crop rotation Livestock breeding  Enclosure movement Changed land use More land dedicated to crops and raising livestock for food.

Agricultural Changes  Why would changes in agriculture lead to a revolution in industry? More food = larger families… Increase in population = more demand for goods and more labor supply… To meet demand, businesses needed new methods…and an industrial revolution begins