Notes Part 2: 1950s Essential Questions: Essential Questions: –Analyze the political, economic, and social impact of political controversies such as desegregation and communism –Identify the different points of view of political parties in the 1950s

Political Parties Divide After WWII, Republicans and Democrats both had members who disagreed on world affairs, New Deal programs, and segregation. After WWII, Republicans and Democrats both had members who disagreed on world affairs, New Deal programs, and segregation. New political stances liberal (loose on tradition), conservative (strong on tradition), and moderate (in the middle) emerged. New political stances liberal (loose on tradition), conservative (strong on tradition), and moderate (in the middle) emerged.

Eisenhower and the Republican Approach 1953, Ike Eisenhower elected President 1953, Ike Eisenhower elected President Advocated Modern Republicanism, an approach to government involving conservative economic policies but liberal social policies. Advocated Modern Republicanism, an approach to government involving conservative economic policies but liberal social policies.

1952 U.S. Presidential Election

New Highways and Suburbs President Eisenhower supported an interstate highway system to connect states with quality roads. President Eisenhower supported an interstate highway system to connect states with quality roads. Developers purchased property miles from the city and began building residential areas called suburbs (ex: Kingwood). Developers purchased property miles from the city and began building residential areas called suburbs (ex: Kingwood).

Levittown Levittown America saw a population shift from urban to suburban. America saw a population shift from urban to suburban. Developers such as William J. Levitt built entire communities quickly, using prefabricated materials and mass production. Developers such as William J. Levitt built entire communities quickly, using prefabricated materials and mass production , more than 40 million Americans moved migrated to the suburbs , more than 40 million Americans moved migrated to the suburbs.

The American Dream Many people worked hard to attain the “American Dream.” Many people worked hard to attain the “American Dream.” –Owning a home and car. –Having children. –Having a good job. –Having money

Religion in the 50’s Partially in response to the threats of communism and nuclear war, many Americans renewed their interest in religion. Partially in response to the threats of communism and nuclear war, many Americans renewed their interest in religion. References to God were added to the Pledge of Allegiance and imprinted on U.S. currency.

Men’s and Women’s Roles Men were expected to hold jobs and support their families, women were expected to perform domestic duties. Men were expected to hold jobs and support their families, women were expected to perform domestic duties. Husband = Worker; Wife = Homemaker Husband = Worker; Wife = Homemaker

Rock-and-Roll Based on black rhythm and blues, rock- and-roll became popular among teenagers in the 1950s. Based on black rhythm and blues, rock- and-roll became popular among teenagers in the 1950s. Many adults disliked rock-and-roll music, claiming that it encouraged immorality.

Rock-and-Roll Rock ‘n’ Roll gave teenagers a music they could call their own. Rock ‘n’ Roll gave teenagers a music they could call their own. Elvis, Buddy Holly, Little Richard, and Chuck Berry were among the pioneers of Rock. Elvis, Buddy Holly, Little Richard, and Chuck Berry were among the pioneers of Rock.

Rock-and-Roll Beatniks, many of whom were artists and writers, launched a movement that stressed spontaneity and rejected money and power. Beatniks, many of whom were artists and writers, launched a movement that stressed spontaneity and rejected money and power. They rebelled against conformity and tradition. They rebelled against conformity and tradition.

Sputnik I: 1957 To carry bombs to their targets, the Soviet Union developed long- range rockets known as intercontinental ballistic missiles To carry bombs to their targets, the Soviet Union developed long- range rockets known as intercontinental ballistic missiles In 1957, one of these rockets was used to launch the Soviet satellite Sputnik, the first artificial satellite to orbit Earth. In 1957, one of these rockets was used to launch the Soviet satellite Sputnik, the first artificial satellite to orbit Earth.

Sputnik 2 with 1 st living creature to orbit earth. Sputnik 1, the first man-made satellite to orbit the earth. Launched October 4, 1957 by the Soviet Union.

Meeting the Technology Challenge In response to fears that Soviet technology was superior, the U.S. formed the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in In response to fears that Soviet technology was superior, the U.S. formed the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in NASA was dedicated to space exploration.

WQ7EA WQ7EA WQ7EA WQ7EA Sputnik and Space Race Sputnik and Space Race