Political Parties Ch. 10
The Political Spectrum Where you stand determined by views on: Social, Economic, and Political issues Political Parties formed based on common interests based along the spectrum. Radical Conservative Moderate Liberal Reactionary
Spectrum Defined Radical: Wide, sweeping, and rapid change of society and government. Will resort to violence and revolution. V.I. Lenin: Mastermind of the Russian Revolution and Father of the Soviet Union
Liberal: Slow, gradual change within system and much gov’t involvement in welfare of its citizens. Rejects violence. Dr. Rev. Martin Luther King
Moderate: Between Liberal and Conservative. Tolerant of other’s views; “go slow” approach to change.
Conservative: Favors limited gov’t. Change only when necessary and limits new policies. Maintain status quo. Sen. Barry Goldwater (R-AZ) is widely regarded as the father of the modern conservative movement
Reactionary: Wants “good ol’ days” & will use extreme measures to obtain goals (e.g., repressive gov’t.) Hitler’s Mein Kampf is a typical reactionary manifesto
RadicalLiberalModerate ConservativeReactionary The Whole Spectrum ?????? ???? Gov’t Involvement: More, Some, Less. Change: Rapid, Slow, None, Gradual, Return to Past.
Political Parties Groups of people with common interests that: Organize to win elections Operate the government Influence government policy U.S. has a two-party system: Def: _____________________________________ _____________________________________
Growth of the Parties No mention of political parties in the U.S. Constitution. 1796, President George Washington warned against the “baneful [very harmful] effects of the spirit of the party.” What did he mean? Why didn’t Washington want political parties to form in the U.S.?
Thomas Jefferson Alexander Hamilton Strong National Gov’t Strong State Gov’t Democratic- Republicans Federalists Democratic Party Whigs (Republican Party) 1830’s Late 1790’s 1850’s Republican Party
Third Parties Definition: smaller, minor parties that have competed for office. Influenced U.S. politics: Political ideas that were at first unpopular. Forces other parties to consider third party policies.
Three types of Third Parties 1. Single-Issue Parties: Promote social, economic, or moral issues. Prohibitionist Party (1872): ban alcohol. 2. Ideological Parties: Support a philosophy or political doctrine. Libertarian Party: oppose gov’t in private businesses. 3. Independent Candidates: Parties form around strong leader. See page 276 – who was most successful?
Obstacles to Third Parties Rarely win major elections due to tradition of Two-Party system. Must get LOTS of signatures to get onto ballots. Difficult to raise money. Should we make it easier for Third Party Candidates to get onto ballots???
LINCS: The Political Spectrum Complete a LINC for each of the following words – use your notes to help! Political Spectrum Political Party Radical Liberal Moderate Conservative Reactionary Third Party