Gene Expression II. Translation Overview Conversion of triplet code into polypeptide Takes place at ribosome in cytoplasm Involves all 3 types of RNA.

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Gene Expression II

Translation Overview Conversion of triplet code into polypeptide Takes place at ribosome in cytoplasm Involves all 3 types of RNA

Ribosome Made of 2 subunits – large and small 4 binding sites mRNA binds to small subunit Large subunit has 3 sites: A site – tRNA delivering next amino acid P site – hold growing polypeptide E site - exit

tRNA Binds to specific amino acid at 3’ end Anticodon – complementary to codon on mRNA Structure held by H- bonding

Translation: Initiation: Initiation factors (proteins) attach to small subunit mRNA binds to small subunit around AUG tRrna binds to start codon Large subunit binds and initiation factors released Initiator tRNA at P site

Elongation: Next tRNA binds to codon at A site Peptide bond forms between 2 amino acids (released from P site tRNA and attaches to A site tRNA) Translocation – ribosome moves down 1 codon

Termination: stop codon in A site – no complementary tRNA Release factor binds to A site – freeing polypeptide Translation animation