FLOW CHART OF INDUSTRIAL PROCESSING INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY CLASS : XI SEMESTER : 3

Process Flowchart To avoid the complexity of the issue, then a system sometimes made simple (simple). This is often done in the field engineering, one description change in the form of pictures or diagrams.

In addition to more easily understood, the form of diagrams or symbols in the form of speed will see someone in a process. One type of diagram is a simple form of the diagram (block diagram), where the in-box from the box there is information that describe the functions, types of equipment, or operating conditions. Teknologi dan Rekayasa

The process of salt begins with the pumping sea water to a sloping embankment during the dry season. Flux is set so that the crystallization process occurs at the corner of the plot of a high embankment. From this pond transportable crystal to crystal factory where this crystallization again, purtied, mixed with iodine (if necessary) and then printed.

NaCl Production Flowchart Salt processing from sea water

Making sugar cane Figure below is a diagram blocks, namely the process of making sugar from sugar cane. At the beginning of the process raw materials such as sugar cane have a sugar composition of 16% water and 25% pulp (pulp) 59% weight.

The sugar cane is the raw material is inserted in the grinding tool in which the integral will baggage with sugar and water with some pulp. Baggage is a waste of sugar cane, which already does not contain sugar, and baggage this is a raw material for paper mills or can also be used as fuel. Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Sugar cane process

Process flow diagram In addition to the form of a cake diagram, the more commonly used in the factory with a flow chart processes (process flow diagrams, abbreviated PFD). The diagram of this system describes the process of a detailed comparison chart of beam.

Identification of starting from the beginning of the process, which can be either raw materials or the insertion of material between, where the materials can be a product of the unit (section) from the factory. Teknologi dan Rekayasa

The identification of each flow are marked with the number flow, where each flow includes operating conditions (temperature and pressure) and also balance the mass of each component that is usually displayed in the form of a table at the bottom of the flow chart process Teknologi dan Rekayasa

The symbol of the equipment and its operation Group A: Cable Tool Group B: Gas Tool - Solid Group C: Crusher, Mill, Grinder Group D: The Tank (Process vessel) Group E: Heat Tool trade Group F: Tool storage Group G: Transference Gas (Gas Mover) Group H: separator (separator) Group A: conveyor Group L: Pump Group R: Reactor

Group A: Utility Tool Equipment in the group A, the equipment that is used in many units utility factory equipment, or at the utility. For one unit (unit) does not mean that only consists of one tool, but can consist of several instruments. 1. Stack or chimney 2. Incenerator 3. Cooling Tower

Air Utility

Electric Utility

Waste water utility

Utility of process water treatment

Incenerator

Cooling Tower

Group B: Tools Gas - Solid Equipment on group B, is a unit of equipment that perform operations related to the gas and solid materials, such as drying grain solids using the air heater, dry media, as shown in the pictures below. • Tunnel • Rotary • Vertical tower

Tunnel

Rotary

Vertical Tower

Group C: Crusher, Mill, Grinder Equipment in these groups, are primarily of equipment used to minimize the size of the solid phase material. Process the size of solids with the ball in the tank and the rotary

Solid material that will be destroyed, the entrance of the coil rotates Material was destroyed using a hammer (hammer), which rotates 1. Ball Mill 2. Roll Crusher 3. Hammer Crusher Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Ball Mill

Roll Crusher

Hammer Crusher

Group D: Process vessel Equipment in this group, is the equipment for separating or purification process which is used in many industrial chemicals. • Tray Column • Packed Tower • Spray Tower • Bubble Tower • Flash distillation

Tray Column

Packed Tower

Spray Tower

Bubble Tower

Flash Distillation

Group E: Heat Exchanger Shell-Tube Heat Exchanger-Counter Current Shell-Tube Heat Exchanger Co-Current - parallel flow Hot Tool change type tube cover, with: a. flow of 1.1 (shell, tube); b. current 1.2 (shell, tube) Reboiler Kettle - Kettle

Shell-Tube Heat Exchanger- Counter Current

Shell-Tube Heat Exchanger

Reboiler

Group F: Tool storage Gas container (Gas Holder) Tank storage with a fixed roof (fixed roof) shaped conical • Floating roof • Open yard • Tank pressure cylinder flat

Conical fixed roof hoper

Floating roof hoper

Hoper yard

Vertical pressure cylindrical tanks

Horizontal pressure cylindrical tanks

Group G: Gas Mover Centrifugal Fan Axial Fan Compressors

Centrifugal Fan

Axial fan

Compressor

Group H: separator Cyclone Centrifuge Decanter The process of continuous filtering The process of filtering is not continuous (Plate & Frame) Filters

Filter

Cyclone

Centrifuge

Decanter

Continues filtration process

Batch filtration process (plate & frame)

Group J: Conveyor Bucket Elevator Belt conveyor Screw conveyor

Bucket elevator

Belt conveyor

Screw conveyor

Group L: Pump Air Unit (Air plant) Rotary Pump (Positive displacement) Reciprocating pump Axial Flow Pump

Air unit (pump)

Rotary pump

Reciprocating pump

Axial Flow Pump

Group R: Reactor Continuous Stirred Tank reactor Batch reactor Fixed Bed reactor Fluidized bed reactor

Continous Stirred Tank Reactor

Batch reactor

Fixed Bed Reactor

Fluidized Bed Reactor

Steam generator process unit flow chart

Rules of the flow diagram Rules in the system of numbers on the diagram flow process, using the example in the diagram flow process of the steam power unit below:

Rules of the flow diagram Each tool starting from the letter code which is a group of equipment Number in each location (area) process starting from 100, 200, 300 and so on. Number of the main process equipment starting from the one on the second digit

Number of supporters of an instrument be on the third digit. At the bottom of the diagram flow process, usually a table of the balance of the system. Teknologi dan Rekayasa

IDENTIFICATION PROCESS AND UNIT OPERATION ON CHEMICAL INDUSTRY Processes and Unit Operations Unit is the core of the Chemical Industry, as a process or operation on this very economical or not to specify a process. Operating Unit is part of the system's process, in which the part is more emphasis on changes that are more physic, while the emphasis on the process of chemical changes.

One of the system need to be in the process is continuous process and the process is not continuous. The process is not continuous (batch) or called batch system is a process in which during the process have not entered (input) and output (output). Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Batch and Continue Process One of the system need to be in the process is continuous process and the process is not continuous. The process is not continuous (batch) or called batch system is a process in which during the process have not entered (input) and output (output).

Overview of cellulosic ethanol production

Biodiesel Production

Ecocement- cement from waste

Biodiesel

Ethanol production

Cement manufacturing process

Steel Production Flow Chart

Sugar processing

Sugar flowchart

Sugar cane flowchart

Biomass flowchart

Milk production

Food industry

Fertilizer

Soda industry

Water bottling machine

Vehicle fuel system flowchart

LNG Flowchart

Crude oil refining