B3a H Q Organisms need hundreds of different proteins to function. Explain how the DNA structure determines the type of protein made.

B3a H answer DNA base pair (1) correct sequence (1) ribosome translation (1) amino acids/mRNA (1) finished protein (1)

B3a F Organisms need proteins to function. Describe how the DNA structure codes for proteins.

B3a F answer DNA in nucleus (1) double helix (1) chromosomes formed of genes (1) genes contain different sequence of bases (1) bases code for proteins (1)

B3b H Enzymes are stop working under certain conditions. Explain why

B3b H answer proteins (1) effected by pH and temp (1) active site (1) denatures (1) irreversible change (1)

B3b F Enzymes allow you to function at 37C. Explain how they are specific to their substrate

B3b F answer Made of protein (1) specific shape (1) forms active site (1) only for specific substrate (1) lock and key (1)

C3

C3a H Describe how test data could be gathered and evaluatedto measure the effect of limiting factors on the rate of reaction

C3a H Answer.range of data points, what pupils are measuring, presentation of data, evaluation comments including repeat ability precision, error.

C3a F A factory wants to produce a higher yield of salt. Salt is made by reacting sodium and hydochloric acid. Describe how increasing the amount of sodium used will effect the yield of salt and how this could be measured.

C3a F Answer Increase in limiting reactant, increase amount of product, understand how rate of reaction can be measured, possible units, equipment you would use

C3b H Discuss in terms of particle theory how change the temperature and concentration will affect the rate of reaction

C3b H answer Affect of temp on collision theory and affect of concentration on the collision theory.3 points for each include energy

C3b F Describe the effect temperature and concentration have on the rate of reaction

C3b F answer Affect on both. 3 marks on each

C3c H Explain the dangers of combustible powders in factories

C3c H answer Comparison of surface area, explanation of increase of collision, what are the potential outcomes

C3c F Explain the dangers of combustible powders in factories

C3c F answer Comparison of surface area explanation of increase collions

C3d H and Foundation Show how the reaction between mg and sulphuric acid proves the conservation of mass through calculation of RAM and RFM

Full word equations /symbol equation, RAM, RFM calculated and balanced. Explain method used C3d H and F Answer

C3e H Industrial processes require a high yield of product. Outline processes by which industries ensure a high percentage yield as well as considering reasons why this is important.

C3e H answer - loss of product through experimental reasons, e.g. filtration, evaporation, transferring liquids, not all reactants used up - a description of percentage yield relating this to amount of product made - reasons why to include reducing cost and reducing the reactants wasted.

C3e F Calcium oxide reacts with water to produce calcium hydroxide. The energy from this reaction can be used in self- heating coffee cans. Describe how you could determine how much calcium hydroxide to use.

C3e F answer (1) Fixed volume of water (coffee) to be heated (2) Final temperature of water (coffee) (3) Initial temperature of coffee (4) Mass of calcium hydroxide used (5) Temperature rise

C3f H With fossil fuels in short supply, consumers require petrol products that are more efficient. British Petroleum Industries have created two new petrol products for use in car engines. However, they now need to compare the energy transferred per gram of fuel for these two new petrol products. Devise a test for comparing the amount of energy transferred per gram of theses fuels, including how the test data will be gathered and analysed.

C3f Answer - use of suitable vessel in which to burn the fuels - use of calorimeter to heat water - measurement of mass of fuel burnt - measurement of temperature change - variables to be considered - data collected should include: mass of water, temperature change, mass of fuel before and after heating, specific heat capacity of water - analysis should include a need to calculate energy transferred and energy output of a fuel.

P3

P3 a-d H and F How would you collect evidence to determine whether speed bumps are needed on your road?

(1) Number of vehicles (2) Measure a set distance (3) Measure time to travel (4) Distance /Time (5) Statistical analysis such as averages or % speeding. Use of P3 a-d to logically answer question