The Passive Voice Lesson 27 Being Acted Upon……

Learning Target  Understand the difference between the active and passive voices.  Learn to use and understand the passive voice personal endings in the 4 tenses we know so far.  You will need a quarter sheet of paper that will be turned in. Tear and share, then write name and class period on paper now.

What voice have we learned?  The definition of ‘subject’ that we have learned is: The subject is the noun ______ the ______.  This applies to the active voice, which is the only ‘voice’ we have learned to this point.  On a small piece of paper, write a sentence in Latin that shows the subject is doing the action. (Some share)

Active VS Passive Voice  A sentence is in the active voice when the verb shows that the subject is doing the action.  Puella portat. The girl carries.  When the passive voice is being used, the verb shows that the subject is being acted upon. NOTE this definition!: Passive Voice Subject – the noun that is being acted upon.  Puella portatur. The girl is being carried or The girl is carried.

Passive Voice Verb Endings – how to recognize the passive voice  -r-mur  -ris-minī  -tur-ntur

Word Stems Are the Same!  The Passive Voice endings are added to the same stems that were used in Active Voice  There are a few exceptions: any form that ends in –o in the active voice (ex. amo, amabo)  These forms keep the original –o ending. The passive –r ending is added after the ‘o’.  amor, amabor  2 nd person singular in several tenses is also an exception. Please mark these exceptions in your conjugating booklet!  There are charts for all tenses for each conjugation on pp 505 – 509. Write them out for all 4 tenses we’ve had & all conjugations

Present Passive (1 st Conj.)  portorportāmur  portārisportāminī  portāturportantur

Present Passive – 3 rd Conj. Notice the ‘exception’* here!  ponorponimur  poneris*poniminī  poniturponuntur

Be Sure to….. Write out Charts pp  Organize your charts by conjugation. Clearly label the tenses. We will create a passive voice conjugation booklet.

CAVEAT - Active Progressive Form vs Passive Verb Phrase  Specto – can mean I watch, I do watch or I am watching. ‘I am watching’ is the active progressive form (in English). It uses a form of the ‘to be’ verb as a ‘helper’. Vocabant – ‘they were calling’ is also active progressive (in imperfect tense). What is the ‘helper word’?  In passive voice, we would use the word spector, which means ‘I am being watched’ or vocabatur, which means he was being called. In English, both use a form of the ‘to be’ verb, but these sets of words have different functions in a sentence.  Continued…..

Active Progressive vs Passive Verb Phrase, cont.  The use of the ‘to be’ word can create confusion in English, as we use it to represent state of being, AND as a helping verb.  However, it is NOT confusing in Latin. State of being is shown by forms of the word ‘sum’ and ‘helping words’ are shown by verb endings, so it is very easy to distinguish between the two.  Learn the Passive Personal Endings (on the chart on board!) Also, make charts in your notebook from pp Also, check the Grammar Section on pp. 505 – 509.

Ticket Out the Door  Using the same small paper, conjugate a verb from the first conjugation in present tense, passive voice, writing the English meaning beside each word. Be sure your name is on the paper!

Passive Voice Conjugation Booklet  1 st Conjugation  Porto, portare, portavi, portatus  Present Tense – I am (being) carried, etc.  portorportamur  Portarisportamini  Portaturportantur  Imperfect Tense – I was (being) carried, etc.