Genetics Gene Screen App Lesson March 25, 2014 Mr. Swift

Today’s Objectives Describe Gregor Mendel’s contributions to the study of genetics Use Punnett squares to predict the outcome of a genetic cross. Big Ideas: Patterns of inheritance are observable in the living things that surround us. We can gain insight into these patterns and how they occur through the study of genetics.

Vocabulary Genotype The genetic makeup of an organism Phenotype The observable properties of an organism Hair color, eye color, skin color

Gregor Mendel Gregor Mendel ( ), the father of modern genetics

Mendel identified 7 variable traits in the pea plant, Pisum sativum

Mendel’s First Three Postulates Unit Factors in Pairs Genetic traits are controlled by factors (genes) that exist in pairs in individual organisms Dominance/Recessiveness When two different factors (alleles) responsible for a specific trait are present in a single individual, one factor (allele) is dominant to the other, which is said to be recessive Segregation During formation of the gametes, the two factors (genes) for a specific trait segregate, so that each of the gametes receives one of the two factors for each trait

Gene Screen App Reference: DNA Learning Center of Cold Springs Laboratory (2011)

Instructions Open Gene Screen App Under “Learn About Genetics” view “Genes and Inheritance” presentation Under “Inheritance Calculators” complete Punnett Squares for “Genetic Traits” and “Genetic Diseases” Out of 4 offspring, how many were born with the specific trait? Use “Blank Punnett Squares” to create and solve your own genetic question

Closing Genotype The genetic makeup of an organism Phenotype The observable properties of an organism Hair color, eye color, skin color

Closing Gregor Mendel’s First Three Postulates Unit Factors in Pairs Genetic traits are controlled by factors (genes) that exist in pairs in individual organisms Dominance/Recessiveness When two different factors (alleles) responsible for a specific trait are present in a single individual, one factor (allele) is dominant to the other, which is said to be recessive Segregation During formation of the gametes, the two factors (genes) for a specific trait segregate, so that each of the gametes receives one of the two factors for each trait

References DNA Learning Center of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (2011). Gene Screen(Version 1.1) [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from