Embriologi Alat Kelamin (Deferensiasi Sex)

Embriologi Alat Kelamin (Deferensiasi Sex) 1. Teori hormon  Free Martin 2. Teori kimerisme  XX & XY 3. Teori induktor kortiko medula  Medullary versus Kortisin

Primordial germ cell Primordial germ cell Spermatozoa Ovum Sigot Embrio primordial germ cell Spermatozoa Ovum

Stadium Indiferen Endoderm Fertilisasi Primordial Germ Cell Germinal Ridge Genital Ridge (sel-sel mesoderm) Ginjal Gonadal Ridge Saluran Cortex Medula Urogenitalis Ovarium Testis

Migrasi Germ Cell Aktif gerakan amuboid (reptilia, mamalia) Pasif aliran darah (burung) Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi jenis kelamin Sex chromosome saat terjadinya fertilisasi ( X & Y ) Hormonal ( androgen & estradiol ) Mullerian Inhibition Substances (Fost, 1981) (fetal testis) regresi saluran Muller & H. androgen tinggi perkembangan saluran kelamin jantan

Komponen pembentuk gonad Primordial Germ Cell / SGP (ekstra embrionic yaitu endoderm yolk sack) Coelomic Epithelium Sel Mesenchym (dari mesonephric ridge) Germ Cell Genital Ridge Asal endoderm mesoderm Ø sel kecil besar

In the female, the mesonephric ducts degenerate, while the paramesonephric ducts form the fallopian tubes and uterus.

The urogenital ridge consists of the mesonephros and the gonad.

Both the urinary and genital components of the urogenital system are derived, to a large extent, from the intermediate mesoderm.

Descent of the testes carries the cranial end of the mesonephric duct caudally.

The testes descend into the scrotal swellings, following the course of the gubernaculum.

In the female, the primitive sex cords (medullary cords) degenerate In the female, the primitive sex cords (medullary cords) degenerate. Subsequently, there is no communication between the gonad and the mesonephros.

In the male the primitive sex cords (see image 10) form the testis and the rete testis cords. The latter communicate with tubules of the mesonephric system, thus linking the testis to the mesonephric duct. The mesonephric duct becomes the ductus deferens.

In addition to the mesonephric duct, a paramesonephric duct forms from the the epithelium on the surface of the urogenital ridge. In the male, the mesonephric duct is of greater significance, whereas in the female, the paramesonephric duct is predominant.

The primordial germ cells become surrounded by cells of the primitive sex cords. At this stage the gonad is "indifferent," as one cannot morphologically distinguish between the male and female.

The gonads develop as primordial germ cells that form in the wall of the yolk sac close to the allantois migrate along the dorsal mesentery of the hindgut to invade the genital ridges.

The mesonephros consists of excretory tubules that contact a blood vessel medially and enter the mesonephric (Wolffian) duct laterally. At higher magnification

DEVELOPMENT HOMOLOGUES OF MALE & FEMALE Genital System Male Indifferent Stage Female 1. Testis Gonad Ovary 2. Epidydymis duct mesonephric duct bladder defferent duct (Wolffian duct) epophorus 3. Prostaticus paramesonephric duct uterine tube (Mullerian duct) uterus 4. Glands penis Glans of pallus Glands clitoris 5. Scrotum genital swelling labia majora 6. Urethra penil urethral fold labia minor 7. Gubernaculum gubernaculum ligament of testis ovary ligament of uterus