Benchmark Review Information

Instructions for this Assignment Copy the notes in INB in Cornell format. Some of the slides contains questions that you must answer. Answer all of the questions in complete sentences. Watch Brainpop and take quiz for Mahatma Gandhi. Study the information for the Benchmark

Treaty of Versailles Review your notes and research the Treaty of Versailles. List the major leaders involved in the Treaty. List the leader and their country.

Nationalism Answer these questions in complete sentences in your INB. Use your notes and your research on Nationalism. How was Nationalism use to help promote war among the people? Why was Nationalism a significant cause of WWI?

Rise of Fascism in Europe After WWI and the economic depression that followed, people in Germany and Italy looked for strong leadership thus Fascism take hold. Fascism- political movement that emphasized loyalty and obedience to the state and the leader Fascist leaders promised to revive the economy…punish those who were responsible for the depression…and restore national pride Benito Mussolini The Leader

Nazism 1919 WWI veteran Adolph Hitler joins small right wing political organization “NAZI Party” Nazi’s main goals are to… Destroy communists Overturn the “unfair” treaty of Versailles Nazi Party adopts swastika as it symbol Form a small paramilitary group known as Brown Shirts or Storm troopers

Reason for the rise of Fascism and Communism Economic Factors Major economic instability weakened European Political Life. Uncontrollable inflation wiped out savings and created mass unemployment.

Russia during the war and Vladimir Lenin Vladimir Lenin's importance to Russia’s history cannot be overstated; in November 1917, Lenin established the first communist government when he overthrew the Provisional Government. Russia had the first communist government in the world. Lenin lead the Russian Communists to power in November 1917

Russian Revolution In 1917, two revolutions swept through Russia, ending centuries of imperial rule and setting in motion political and social changes that would lead to the formation of the Soviet Union. In March, growing civil unrest, coupled with chronic food shortages, erupted into open revolt, forcing the abdication of Nicholas II ( ), the last Russian czar. Just months later, the newly installed provisional government was itself overthrown by the more radical Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin ( ).

The Russian Revolution Rapid growth of (discontented) working class Vast majority of workers concentrated in St. Petersburg and Moscow Little help from the countryside: impoverished peasants – Populist Movements of the 1870s and later had done little to improve their lot No individual land ownership Rural Famine

Russian Revolution War revealed the ineptitude and arrogance of the country’s aristocratic elite Corrupt military leadership had contempt for ordinary Russian people Average peasants had very little invested in the War

The Fall of The House of Romanov During the Russian Revolution The Russian Revolution of 1917 caused the abdication of Nicholas II (Czar Nicholas). This action effectively terminated the Romanov dynasty's rule over Russia. As a result of the removal of Czar Nicholas The House of Romanov collapsed.

Mohandas Gandhi – Leader of India’s Independent Movement Watch Brainpop on Mahatma Gandhi Take the quiz and write the answers in your INB. What have you learned about Gandhi? Explain.

Scramble for Africa Diamonds- Cecil Rhodes CECIL RHODES ( ) British businessman and politician in southern Africa Made a fortune from African diamond mines – Made a fortune by owning several diamond mines. Established South African Company Land later became Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) Prime minister of Cape Colony ( ) Wanted British control over South Africa Wanted Cape-to-Cairo Railroad Architect of British imperialism in southern Africa Great Britain became leading colonial power in southern Africa