Day 9 – Instability and a Great Depression lead to the rise of Fascism Enduring Understandings 1.International conflict often leads to domestic changes. 2.Twentieth Century economic depression was global in scope and helped to fuel worldwide tensions. 3. In times of crisis, people often turn to strong leaders in search of stability. 5. Conflicts of the 20 th Century were rooted in political and ideological differences around the world. 1.As you watch the videos answer last questions on Depression worksheet. 2.Complete graph and chart analysis sections of Depression Worksheet 3.Post-war instability complete page 18 as you do, what conclusion can you draw about how significant economic difficulties were solved? 4.How and why does economic difficulty lead to political instability or changes in governments? 5.Complete 1 and 2 on page 19 about the rise of Mussolini and the Fascisti

An economic timeline Globalization begins before WWI After WWI Germany has economic problems Beginning of great depressionBeginning of great depression – a great post WWI boom overheats and becomes a Great Depression and people are financially hurt Effects of Depression Effects of Depression initially Governments initially take no action Effects of Depression on governments and alternative political solutions A major alternative was Keynesianism, the solution the US used

Rise of Fascism The late 1920’s and 1930’s an extreme form of government came into existence known as Fascism. Fascism was a term created by Mussolini, derived from the Latin term “Fasces”~ meaning “Bundle of Sticks”. A bundle of sticks wrapped around an axe became the symbol of the Fascist party in Italy. Fascism and How Mussolini came to power

Rise of Fascism Basic Features of Fascism- 1.Extreme Nationalism 2.Glorify Action, obedience, discipline 3.Loyalty to State Unquestioned 4.Loyalty to single dictator 5.Strict class structure 6.Anti-Democratic (greed/corruption) 7.Aggressive Expansion 8.Censorship 9.Control of private Economy leading to wealth for industry 10.Use of Legalized Terror In what ways is Fascism similar to Stalinist Communism? In what ways is it different?

Rise of Fascism Why? The Economic Despair of Post WWI Europe enables Fascist leaders like Mussolini and Hitler to rise to power. Why? Why? Both the German People and the Italian people blame the Treaty of Versailles for their problems. Why? Video helping to answer the above questions.

Rise of Fascism Benito Mussolini- Mussolini came to power in an age of chaos and discontent in Italy. High unemployment, weak government, floundering economy. Mussolini was a fiery speaker. He creates the Fascists party calling upon discontented veterans and youths to support his objectives. Promises order. Seizing Power- through his terror organization “The Black Shirts”, he organizes attacks on unions, socialists and other elements of society that threaten his rise to power.

Rise of Fascism Benito Mussolini appeals to much of Italy. Focuses on national pride- restoring the glory of the Roman empire. In October of 1922, Mussolini is appointed Prime Minister by King Victor Emmanuel III. Hitler will follow this model for his rise to power, and in fact meets with Mussolini during his rise to power. Mussolini proclaims himself “Il Duce”- “the leader”. He limits the press, fixes elections, uses secret police, exiles and prisons.

Benito Mussolini

Rise of Fascism Economic Policy- Preserved Capitalism, but with Government direction of Business, Labor, Agriculture, Trade and Culture. Social Policies- Absolute Obedience to State Women, pushed from jobs- place is in the home having babies Patriotism- Extreme Nationalism Strict Discipline Fascist Youth- teach the values of a fascist society~ indoctrination

Rise of Fascism HITLER AND THE RISE OF NAZI GERMANY I.Struggles of the Weimar Republic a.Germany’s first experiment in Democracy, is blamed for all the troubles plaguing Germany- economic depression, having to observe the terms of the treaty of Versailles, etc. b.Structure of Government- i.Parliament/ Legislative Branch- The Reichstag ii.Executive Branch- 2 positions- President and Chancellor C.Unrest and Downfall of the Weimer Republic- i.Mired in Inflation and economic depression - Reparations, Dawes Plan, Great Depression ii.Treaty of Versailles hated by all Germans iii.Jewish People become scapegoats for Germany’s troubles

Rise of Fascism To be completed.