LaTex -Computer scientist named Donald Knuth developed the program called Tex, in 1978.(mainly focused on formulae) -Later a mathematician and computer scientist by the name Leslie Lamport wrote a variant of Tex called LaTex that focuses on document structure.

- Typesetting program -LaTex is a family of programs designed to produce publication-quality typeset documents. -It is particularly strong when working with mathematical symbols.

Unique Advantages of LaTeX Professional typesetting Best output It is the standard for scientific documents Processing Mathematical (& other) symbols Meaning based structuring (rather than appearance) Knowledgeable and helpful user group Its FREE Platform independent

A Simple LaTeX Document \documentclass{article} \begin{document} HELLO. \end{document}

Parts of a LaTeX Document: \documentclass \documentclass {article} {report} {book} {letter} Basic Classes  First line of all LaTeX documents  Specifies the type of the document \documentclass[font size]{puthesis}

\ documentclass{article}. \begin{document} HELLO. \end{document} -The default font size is 10 points or pt. for ex: \documentclass[12pt]{article} - In LaTex the required information is included in curl braces({}) and optional information in square brackets([ ]). Includes commands that effect the document structure Called as body of the document

Sections \section{Section Title} \subsection{Title} \subsubsection{Title}

Mathematics Greek Symbols \alpha, \beta, \gamma Superscript, Subscript x^y x_y \int_0^\infty\int{\int} \frac{\partial u}{\partial x} x_y^z Calculus

1)Fonts: you can have bold font, italics font, etc as follows: {\bf This is in bold} and {\it this is in italics} default roman {\rm as is this}. 2 ) There are kinds of lists. Here is one: \begin{enumerate} \item First item... \item Second item \end{enumerate} or Instead of the "enumeration" list above, you can use a "description" list instead: \begin{description} \item[(a)] First item... \item[(b)] Second item... \end{description}

3)TO typeset math, you need to enclose your math typography within special brackets: either $...math typography... $ or \begin{equation}...math typography... \end{equation}

EXAMPLE PROGRAM 1 CODE \documentclass{article} \title{Cartesian closed categories and the price of eggs} \author{Jane Doe} \date{September 1994} \begin{document} \maketitle Hello world! \end{document} OUTPUT Cartesian closed categories and the price of eggs Jane Doe September 1994 Hello world!

EXAMPLE PROGRAM 2 \documentclass[12pt]{article} % options include 12pt or 11pt or 10pt % classes include article, report, book, letter, thesis \title{This is the title} \author{Author One \\ Author Two} \date{29 February 2004} \begin{document} \maketitle This is the content of this document. This is the 2nd paragraph. Here is an inline formula: $ V = \frac{4 \pi r^3}{3}$. And appearing immediately below is a displayed formula: $$ V = \frac{4 \pi r^3}{3} $$ \end{document}

Example program 3 \documentclass[12pt]{article} \usepackage{amsmath} \title{\LaTeX} \date{} \begin{document} \maketitle \LaTeX{} is a document preparation system for the \TeX{} typesetting program. It offers programmable desktop publishing features and extensive facilities for automating most aspects of typesetting and desktop publishing, including numbering and cross-referencing, tables and figures, page layout, bibliographies, and much more. \LaTeX{} was originally written in 1984 by Leslie Lamport and has become the dominant method for using \TeX; few people write in plain \TeX{} anymore. The current version is \LaTeX2e. % This is a comment, not shown in final output. % The following shows typesetting power of LaTeX: \begin{align} E_0 &= mc^2 \\ E &= \frac{mc^2}{\sqrt{1-\frac{v^2}{c^2}}} \end{align} \end{document}

\documentclass{article} \usepackage{graphicx} \begin{document} \title{Introduction to \LaTeX{}} \author{Author's Name} \maketitle \begin{abstract} The abstract text goes here. \end{abstract} \section{Introduction} Here is the text of your introduction. \begin{equation} \label{simple_equation} \alpha = \sqrt{ \beta } \end{equation} \subsection{Subsection Heading Here} Write your subsection text here. \begin{figure} \centering \includegraphics[width=3.0in]{myfigure} \caption{Simulation Results} \label{simulationfigure} \end{figure} \section{Conclusion} Write your conclusion here. \end{document} Program 4

% This is a comment line \documentclass{article} \begin{document} % Note to self: % I must change this title later! \title{Hello World} \author{Your Name\\ Department of Computer Science\\ Courant Institute, NYU} \maketitle \begin{abstract}..put your abstract here... \end{abstract} \section{First Section}...text... \subsection{First subsection}...text... \subsection{Second subsection}...text... \subsubsection{Second Section}...text......and so on... \end{document} Program 5

insert a table \documentclass{article} \begin{document} \begin{table} \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|} \hline h1&h2&h3\\ \hline a&b&c\\ \hline \end{tabular} \end{table} \end{document}

Inserting an image \documentclass{article} \usepackage{graphicx} \begin{document} \begin{figure} \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{boat.jpg} \caption{A boat.} \label{fig:boat1} \end{figure} Figure \ref{fig:boat1} shows a boat. \end{document}

\documentclass{article} Specifies that we want to format our paper using a basic article style. \usepackage{graphicx} This is needed if we want to include figures. Packages are extensions of a basic LaTeX system and provide additional functionality. Packages are loaded using the \usepackage command. \begin{document}... \end{document} The whole document is enclosed between these. \title{Introduction to \LaTeX{}} Here you write the title of the document. (The \LaTeX{} command prints the fancy logo.) \author{Author's Name} Name of the author. \maketitle Tell LaTeX to print the title, author name, etc. here. \begin{abstract}... \end{abstract} Write the abstract between these commands. \section{Heading of the First Section} Every section begins with this command. Write the heading of the section between the curly braces. Then after this command you can write the text of the section. When you want to start a new paragraph of text, write an empty line in the LaTeX source file. \begin{equation} \label{simple_equation} \alpha = \sqrt{ \beta } \end{equation} These commands insert an equation. Greek symbols are simply called with their name by inserting a backslash in front of them. \sqrt creates a square root function. The \label command gives a logical name for the equation. It can be used when creating cross references. \subsection{Subsection Heading Here} Every subsection begins with this command. You can also create subsubsections. If the selected document style uses numbering for headings, sections will be automatically numbered in a hierarchical way. That is, sections get a number like "1", subsections "1.2", and subsubsections "1.2.4".cross references

\begin{figure} \centering \includegraphics[width=3.0in]{myfigure} \caption{Simulation Results} \label{simulationfigure} \end{figure} These lines insert an image file into the document. More about images can be found here. Anyway, the most important command is \includegraphics, which now inserts an image named myfigure.eps (LaTeX appends.eps extension by default) or myfigure.pdf (PdfLaTeX appends.pdf). Additionally the figure gets a caption "Simulation Results" using the \caption command. here