“In order to fully capture and integrate new renewable energy sources, it is necessary to invest into the modernization of the Canadian power grid infrastructure. A significant increase in customer-side participation in the energy supplied and demand-side management is contributing to a paradigm shift in the power industry towards a more decentralized energy supply and bidirectional power flows. This is driving the modernization of the grid project known as ‘Smart Grid’.” source: CanmetEnergy – Natural Resources Canada What is Smart Grid?

Decentralized Denmark

Bidirectional Power Flow

Why we need a Smart Grid? The Smart Grid allows utilities to distribute conventional and renewable power to consumers more efficiently, reliably, safely and economically. It integrates two-way digital communication technology that analyzes, monitors and streamlines the system to maximize throughput, while promoting and enabling a reduction of overall energy consumption. It also has different goals for various stakeholders. Utilities: Smart Grid marks a crucial transformation to modern, intelligent and highly accurate performance. Governments: Smart Grid means achieving energy and environmental goals. Businesses: Smart Grid presents growing opportunity for innovation, development and deployment of leading-edge technologies and products, while capturing emerging opportunities in domestic and international markets to advance Canada’s Smart Grid infrastructure. Canadians: Smart Grid provides job opportunities, energy savings, environmental stewardship and global leadership.

Why we need a Smart Grid Continued…

Power interruptions are costly. The August 2003 blackout, that affected Ontario, alone cost the Ontario economy an estimated 1 to 2 billion dollars.

3 Key Benefit Categories of a Smart Grid

Benefits Continued…. Economic/system cost: These benefits arise primarily from reduced system costs or increases in productivity. Examples include eliminating or deferring the need to upgrade traditional infrastructure, reducing manual operations (e.g., meter reads, switching operations), and lowering the cost of integrating distributed energy resources. Reliability and power quality: These benefits arise from a reduction in the number and/or duration of system interruptions or poor power quality events. Environmental: These benefits include the impact on climate change and human health resulting from a reduction in the emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide, particulate matter, and other pollutants.

Dynamic Pricing Pricing that is affected by the current cost to produce electricity. If electricity demand increases so does the cost. This allows consumers to be in control of their power bills and allows for a more stable consumption of electricity.

Distributed Generation Distributed generation is power that is generated locally and is usually a clean power source. The benefits of this are: Power does not need to be sent long distances Large CO2 producing generation facilities can be replaced with clean generation facilities such as wind, solar and hydro Less customers are affected when a storm hits and those that are affected can have their power quickly restored. Independence and keeping our grid reliable and cost efficient Keeping our grid flexible with the ability to upgrade it as new technology arises Energy Fact Today 40% of the planet ’ s CO2 emissions come from power generation. By 2020, Europe has committed to cutting its greenhouse gas emissions by 20%, producing 20%of its energy from renewable sources and increasing energy efficiency by 20%. In % of Canada ’ s CO2 emissions came from the energy sector with 31.6% coming from the Electric power industry.

Distributed Generation Continued…

Alternative Energy Sources

Alternative Energy Sources Continued… Top Five Clean Energy Sources Solar Wind Hydro Biomass Geothermal

Self Healing Smart Grid Responds to a power failure immediately by isolating the area affected and rerouting power so that minimal power interruptions occur.

Self Healing Smart Grid Continued…

Islanding How it works: Once the power to main power grid has been lost, generators such as solar and wind continue to power that local area. Power can also come from stored sources such as batteries or electric cars The area powered becomes an island as all around them the power is out

Islanding Continued…

Asset Management and On-line Equipment Monitoring Online monitoring equipment allows the utility to be proactive with its asset (transformers, lines, etc.) replacements and upgrades. Smart grid data when collected and analyzed provides a rich resource for asset management, allowing utilities to better understand their deployed assets and manage performance. Allows utilities to save costs by only replacing assets that are at the end of their useful life Allows for the reliable, efficient and safe distribution grid

Real-Time Simulation and Contingency Analysis This allows trained system operators to perform real-time simulations in order to predict and prevent blackouts. Smart grid technology allows for a better and quicker flow of information as well as the ability to help control and maintain the situation before anyone may even notice

Real-Time Simulation and Contingency Analysis Continued…

Participation in Energy Markets

Participation in Energy Markets Continued…

Smart grids, redefine the way electricity consumers are connected to the system that serves them. Information technologies are not only putting more information in the hands of consumers, they also offer more control. By "connecting the customer to the control room," smart grids open up whole new possibilities - where consumers decide how much to use or sell depending on what the price is.

Smart Grid Summary

Smart Grid Summary Continued…

Questions & Comments???

Thank you!!! Sources for this presentation include the Department of Energy, the GridWise Alliance, the Galvin Electricity Initiative and EPRI/Intelligrid as well as the following websites:   jmacism3004.blogspot.com jmacism3004.blogspot.com  vlengineers.blogspot.com vlengineers.blogspot.com     fresh-energy.org fresh-energy.org      en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org  scf.usc.edu scf.usc.edu  