Footings & Foundation Prepared By: 130040106059 (Vanani Sanket) Department of Civil Engineering B.H.Gardi College of Engineering & Technology

Foundation Components Footing

Foundation Components (to attach wood stud sill plate) (moves water away from building) (to keep water off of foundation wall) (separates slab from foundation wall) (to keep water off of slab) (to keep water off of slab & moisture barrier) (moves water away from building)

Foundation Types

Site Preparation Remove trees and any debris Remove top soil (4-6” below surface)

Site Layout Ensure lot lines are known & setbacks are complete Layout building perimeter Use batter boards Establish building corners & building perimeter Use surveying instruments

Excavation Excavate foundation along line created by batter boards Excavate remainder of soil inside perimeter Don’t excavate inside soil if slab on grade If deep foundation, taper edges to prevent collapse If soil unstable, or very deep - use shoring

Pour Footings Construct formwork (if required) Install reinforcement (rebar) for footings (protrudes above footing to tie-into foundation wall) Pour concrete footings Smooth / finish surface

Pour Slab on Grade Install gravel base (to keep water off of slab) Install moisture barrier (to keep water off of slab) Install reinforcement (welded wire fabric) Pour concrete slab Finish slab surface

Pour Concrete Foundation Walls Construct formwork (include sleeves / doors / windows) Install reinforcement into formwork Pour concrete foundation wall Install anchor bolts into semi-cured concrete

Pour Concrete Foundation Walls Allow concrete to cure adequately (7-10 days) Strip forms Apply waterproofing Install perimeter drain tile Backfill

Install Concrete Block Foundation Walls Allow concrete footing to properly cure Install first course of concrete block on bed of mortar Continue to lay block on top of first course until desired height reached Install horizontal reinforcement as courses proceed

Install Concrete Block Foundation Walls Install vertical reinforcement at significant heights Install grout into cells with vertical reinforcement Tool joints and clean masonry Install waterproofing

Rules of Thumb Footing shall be below frost line Footing width usually 2x height Typical size (24” wide x 12” tall) Rebar is usually 3” from edge of concrete Crawl spaces should have rigid insulation along the interior face of the foundation wall