Life Saving Embedded System

AIM OF THIS PAPER Thousands of persons killed as a cause of earthquake As a responsible engineer we have to save the human life. We have proposed a new microwave live detection system to locate human beings.

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION Penetration of microwave beam through rubble surface The reflected wave from the person’s body will be modulated These modulated signals are processed by controller and the location is determined

WORKING FREQUENCY They are two categories depending on the type and nature of the collapsed building. L or S band frequency say 1150 MHz UHF band frequency say 450 MHz

MAJOR COMPONENTS The microwave life detection system has four major components. They are A microwave circuit Clutter cancellation system Microcontroller A dual antenna system

MICROWAVE CIRCUIT PHASE LOCKED LOOP AMPLIFIER DISTRIBUTOR

MICROWAVE CIRCUIT PHASE LOCKED LOOP AMPLIFIER DISTRIBUTOR DUAL ANTENNA

CLUTTER CANCELLATION UNIT A DIGITALLY CONTROLLED PHASE SHIFTER A FIXED ATTENUATOR A RF AMPLIFIER A DIGITALLY CONTROLLED ATTENUATOR

CLUTTER CANCELLATION UNIT DUAL ANTENNA DIRECTION COUPLER DIGITAL CONTROLLED PHASE SHIFTER FIXED ATTENUATOR AMPLIFIER CONTROLLER

MICROCONTROLLER UNIT DOUBLE BALANCED MIXER CLUTTER CANCELLATION UNIT

MICROCONTROLLER UNIT DOUBLE CLUTTER BALANCED CANCELLATION MIXER UNIT

DUAL ANTENNA SYSTEM The dual antenna system has two antenna. They are energized sequentially by an electronic switch. Each antenna acts separately (Tx & Rx)

DUAL ANTENNA SYSTEM INITIALLY THE SWITCH IS KEPT IN POSITION 1 SIGNAL IS TRANSMITTED THROUGH THE ANTENNA 1 WAIT FOR SOME PREDETERMINED SENDING TIME, TS THE SWITCH IS THROWN TO POSITION 2 SIGNAL IS RECEIVED THROUGH THE ANTENNA 2 WAIT FOR SOME PREDETERMINED RECEIVING TIME, TR REPEAT THE ABOVE PROCEDURE FOR SOME PREDETERMINED TIME, T.

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM Phase locked oscillator Direction coupler1 [10db] 1 2 RF switch Digital controlled attenuator Amp Directional Coupler 2] Digital controlled phase shifter Fixed attenuator Digital controlled Phase-shifter 2 Mixer RF Pre-amplifier Directional Coupler 4 [3dB] LF Amplifier & Filter Microprocessor Control system Detector

HIGHLIGHTS The location of the person under the rubble can be known from the time lapse between Ts and Tr. An alarm system has been set , so that whenever the laptop computer system processes the received signal and identifies that there is a human being, the alarm sound starts. The system can detect the signals of other living beings based on the frequency of the breathing and heart beat signals.

CONCLUSION Thus a new sensitive life detection system using microwave radiation for locating human beings buried under earthquake rubble or hidden behind various barriers has been designed. This system operating either at L or S band, UHF band can detect the breathing and heart beat signals of human beings buried under earthquake rubble.