THE WAR INSIDE Immune system vs. disease (pathogens)

Non specific defenses Skin and mucous membranes Cells and chemicals

CELLS AND CHEMICALS Phagocytes Natural killer cells Inflammatory response

Histamine released into area causing the following: Dilation of blood vessels Increased capillary permeability Activate pain receptors Attract white blood cells

Fever Caused by circulating proteins released by white blood cells Raises metabolic rate and helps destroy pathogens

SPECIFIC IMMUNTIY

Types of specific immunity Cell-mediated-T cells destroy antigens themselves Humoral-B cells make antibodies T and B cells are called lymphocytes They comprise as much mass as your brain!!!

Antibody construction

Antibodies at work

Antibodies or Immunoglobulins Antibodies “grab on” to antigens and clump them up (agglutination in red blood cells) enabling white blood cells and the lymphatic system to dispose of them Or they poke holes in the cell There are five types (MADGE)

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Memorize chart 12.16!!!!!!

The Immune Response – Overview

CHICKEN POX-Why only once?

The lymphatic system Collects the wastes from The interstitial fluid and Deposits it back into the Circulatory system. It is Here that macrophages Are thought to meet Antigens. “swollen glands” Are actually swollen lymph Nodes.

Allergy - overreaction of the body’s immune system to a harmless antigen

AIDS Infects T cells Makes it VERY hard to eliminate by the immune system