U.S. History Chapter 27

Set up by: Secretary of the State William Seward 1867 Bought from Russia for.25 Bargain : Full of gold, copper, coal, oil etc

Expansionism Opposition  Contrary to American values  Causes revolution  Felt Non-whites would never be able to learn American values William Jennings Bryan felt United States could be powerful without new land

Imperialism Building an empire by taking control of other governments as Europe was doing Supporter: Senator Henry Cabot Lodge

Into Asia and the Pacific Protect oversea trade 1 st China then Japan Asian Island (needed for refueling and food

Hawaii 1820’2- missionaries sugar plantations Pearl Harbor is established Queen Liliuiokalani 1898-Annexaion of Hawaii

More About Hawaii Sugar Planters ask for and get sugar shipped into U.S. w/o tariffs. Mainland growers protest Solution: Bonus given to growers, now Hawaii planters seek bonus too. Result: Annexation of Hawaii

Splendid Little War Cuba  Colony of Spain  Rational for Annexation by U.S.- Monroe Doctrine  Cuban unsuccessful attempt at revolt in 1868 then again 1895  Spain responds- Place citizens in “reconstruction camps” Cuba  Colony of Spain  Rational for Annexation by U.S.- Monroe Doctrine  Cuban unsuccessful attempt at revolt in 1868 then again 1895  Spain responds- Place citizens in “reconstruction camps”

Yellow Journalism Competition to sell of newspapers resulted in stories that where written to shock and sensationalize the events in Cuba. Often based on rumors and lies Competition to sell of newspapers resulted in stories that where written to shock and sensationalize the events in Cuba. Often based on rumors and lies

RESULT? WAR FEVER!!! Send in the warship The Maine Into Havana

Free Cuba !!!

Now What 1. Try to buy Cuba from Spanish Spain declines offer 2. Americans want war ; call President McKinley a coward Congress declares war

Rough Riders Teddy Roosevelt’s regiment Mostly made up of Wealthy, Powerful, Ranch hands

War is won!!!!  Cuban rebels and U.S. troops capture San Juan Hill  Santiago is captured  Spain tries to escape, all ships are sunk 4 month war… U.S. dead… more from disease

Let there be peace 1.Cuba independent of Spain 2.U.S. rules Puerto Rico 3.U.S. agrees to remove all its troops from Cuba ( some stay on to preserve “law and order) 4.U.S. gains navel base in Cuba

Philippines  Also under Spanish rule  U.S. supports natives in their bid for independence  Entire Spanish fleet is sunk in Manila Bay Treaty is reached: US buys Philippines for $ 20 million then annexes it in 1899.

U.S. Betrayal of Natives 3 year war Very cruel war (on both sides) American public gets upset over cruelty, but expansionist win agreement Grants Philippines right to leave market with China open

The War is won U.S. wins the war Rules with non military government Goal: help Philippines move towards independence (granted in 1947)

Panama Canal How to join the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans together so that it becomes unnecessary to sail around South America ?

“Speak softly and carry a big stick” Teddy Roosevelt becomes President Offers to buy land from Colombia to build the canal Solution: Send warship to Panama to support natives in their quest for independence from Columbia- Panama gains independence sells control of the Panama Zone for $10 million

Building the canal Building begins : 1904 By 1905, ¾ of work force has quit! Why? Forced to use the same water for everything

Improvements get made 1. Get rid of mosquitoes o Drain ditches o Spread oil on swamp o Screens on windows and doors 2. Improved housing 3. Better organization By 1914: 51 miles complete 1921-U.S. pays Colombia $25 million

WW I Germany enters Belgium on the way to conquer France Nationalism Austria-Hungry build empire by gaining power in the Baltic. Baltic want independent Adoption of Militarism- to maintain safety/glorifying military power, ideas, and values

One thing leads to another Germans build a navy to challenge the British Britain constructs battle ships Germany’s army grows France builds an army Safety in alliances

Europe is divided into 2 camps Allies: Central Powers: Germany British Austria- Hungary Russian France

June 28, 1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir to Austria-Hungary throne) visits Sarajevo in Bosnia where he was assassination A-H blames Serbia and tries to get Serbia to give up it independence Serbs refuse A-H declares war Russia backs Serbs Germany backs A-H France enters war England enters war U.S. enters war