CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISMS THE 6 KINGDOMS THE 6 KINGDOMS

What are the 6 Kingdoms? Archaebacteria Archaebacteria Bacteria (Eubacteria) Bacteria (Eubacteria) Protista Protista Fungi Fungi Plantae Plantae Animalia Animalia

Kingdom Bacteria Where are bacteria found? Where are bacteria found? –Members of this kingdom are found in soil, water, and other living things Fun Facts Fun Facts –Bacteria are believed to have been living on Earth for more than 3.5. billion years –This kingdom has more individuals in it than all the other kingdoms combined –A handful of dirt contains trillions of bacteria

Kingdom Bacteria All bacteria are single celled organisms that do not have a nucleus! All bacteria are single celled organisms that do not have a nucleus! What do we call organisms with these characteristics? What do we call organisms with these characteristics? Bacteria have cell walls Bacteria have cell walls

Genetic material Cell Membrane

Kingdom Bacteria Bacteria can be one of three main shapes. Bacteria can be one of three main shapes. –Rod-shaped (bacilli) –Spherical-shaped ( cocci) –Spiral-shaped (spirilla)

Kingdom Bacteria Reproduce by Binary Fission Reproduce by Binary Fission –one bacteria duplicates its genetic material and then splits into 2 separate cells –the new cell is identical to the parent

Kingdom Bacteria Some bacteria reproduce sexually through conjugation Some bacteria reproduce sexually through conjugation –Two parents –Transfers some of its genetic material –Offspring are genetically different from parents

Kingdom Bacteria Different types of bacteria are classified by how they get their food Different types of bacteria are classified by how they get their food –Autotrophic –Heterotrophic –Decomposers

Kingdom Bacteria Some bacteria move with the help of flagellum Some bacteria move with the help of flagellum Most bacteria cannot move on their own Most bacteria cannot move on their own

Kingdom Bacteria Roles/Uses Roles/Uses –99% of bacteria are not harmful to humans –Bacteria help produce foods such as cheese, apple cider, and sauerkraut –Bacteria cause food to spoil –Some are decomposers –Some can even clean up oil spills and gasoline leaks

Can Bacteria Help Us? Bacteria help us Bacteria help us –Digest food –Make vitamin K –Prevent harmful bacteria from attaching to the intestines –Insulin-making bacteria help control diabetes

Kingdom Archaebacteria

Where are archaea found? Where are archaea found? –Most organisms in this kingdom are found in extreme environments, such as hot springs –Can be found in ponds and swamps –Most archaea prefer environments with little or no oxygen

Kingdom Archaebacteria All archaea are prokaryotic organisms All archaea are prokaryotic organisms They reproduce using binary fission They reproduce using binary fission

Kingdom Archaebacteria There are 3 main types of archaea There are 3 main types of archaea –Heat Lovers—live in extremely hot water like that found in ocean vents and hot springs –Salt Lovers--live in environments with high levels of salt (ex. Dead Sea and Great Salt Lake) –Methane Makers—live in swamps and animal intestines; give off methane gases