Human Geography of Australia and New Zealand CHAPTER 32, LESSON 2 BY: TORI VASQUEZ, AVERY MARTINEZ, DARIAN HERNANDEZ, MIGUEL RAMIREZ

History and Government  Ausrtralia and New Zealand are culturally diveresr countries.  Earky Aborigines led a nomadic life. Migration was accompained by increased trade.  Maori left eastern Polynesia and settled in the islands of New Zealand.  Maori farmers lived in villages and grew traditional root crops taro and yams.

European Exploration and Settlement  The Europeans began exploring the south pacific in the 1500s  In 1850 sheep were introduced and settlers profitteed from exporting wool to Britain.  By the end of the 1800s raising livestock had become a major part of the economy.  Europeans in Australia had a disasturous impact on indigenous people.  In 1840 Britain and Maori groups of North Island signed the Treaty of Waiting.  Was used for a basis for British annexation of North Island

Independence  1901 the australian colonies farmed a federation know as the common wealth of Australia, the new country was a dominion.  In 1893 New Zealand became the first country in the world to legally recognize women’s rights to vote.  Australia and New Zealand are constitutional monarchies with parlimentary systems.  A movement in australia know as the republicanism hopes to establish a repiblican form of government.  British monarchy would not be head of state.

Population Patterns  New Zealand and Australia are both multicultural countries.  7% of New Zealand’s population is Maori.  Welcomes all immigrants.  44% of the population is from other countries.  85% of New Zealand’s inhabitations is growing concerns for the governments of both countries.  New Zealand has increased birth rates as well as aging population

Society and Culture Today  New Zealand and Australia blen both European and indigenous elements in their cultures.  English is the major language that is spoken in New Zealand and Australia.  They use an Australian English called strine.  Maori has a big population and is spoken in many areas  2% of Australians are Aborigines- they speak pidgin  Use radios to reach doctors  Both provide free compulsory education.

Economic Activity  Australia and new zealnd have a close economic relationship.  Australia has a diverse economy.  Both countries have large service sectors.  Service industries are major contributors to the economies of both countries and increase their gross domestic population.  New Zealnd’s main industries  Food processing  Wood and paper products  Textiles  Machinery  Banking and insurance  Tourism and mining  Transportation equipment

Timeline 40,00 B.C First aborigines arrive in Australia. 20,00B.C Aborigines spread throughout Australia and Tasmania. A.D 1200s Marori arrive in New Zealand from different parts of eastern Polynesia 1642 Dutch explorer Abel Tasman is the first Europeab known to reach New Zealand British captain James Cook explores New Zealand coastline Great Britain begins to send convicts to penal colony in New South Wales, Australia First British missionaries arrive in New Zealand with goal of converting Maori to Christianity. 1850s Gold rush in Victoria draws thousands to Australia, increasing the population by 300 percent Increasing Chinese immigration leads to anti-Chinese legislation in Australian colony of Victoria Severe restriction on Chinese immigration enacted throughout Australia.

Vocabulary  Aborigine- the indigenous people of Australia.  Clan- a group of close- knit, interrelated families.  Bommerang- an Australian throwing stick that soars and currves in flight and returns near the thrower.  Maori- the indgenous people of New Zealand.  Dominion- a largely selfgoverning country within the British Empire.  National identity- the sense of a being part of the whole of a country including its culture, traditions, language, and politics.  Strine- Australian English that has a unique vocabulary made up of Aboriginal words, terms used by modern Australians.  Pidgin- a grammatically simplified form of a language.

Summary  This lesson go over a lot of information, many categories such as:  Population patterns- mainly goes over what New Zealand and Australias population consist of and their concerns for their governments.  Society and culture- talks about what the education and lanuages are spoken throughout Australia and New Zealand.  Economic Activities- discuss what the countries main produce is, what kind of economy, and what economic relationships are shown between other countries.

Bibliography  Boehm, Richard G. World Geography. New York, Ny; Glencoe’/ McGraw- Hill, Print.