Newton’s Laws of Motion F87BC031.jpg ● Newton came up with three laws that explain the motion of objects. ● Newton’s laws of motion describe the relationship between forces, objects and motion of objects. Sir Isaac Newton is an English physicist and mathematician in the 17th century. I. Law of Inertia II. F=ma III. Action-Reaction “If I have seen further than others, it is by standing upon the shoulders of giants.” Isaac Newton

Force Forces push or pull on objects and cause them to change their position and direction. Example: Gravity, magnetic force, and friction. Gravity is an invisible force that acts upon objects. 1.What is gravity? Gravity is the force that attracts objects toward each other. The bigger the mass the bigger the gravity force. The smaller the mass the smaller the gravity force. nd_apple.png

2. What is friction? The friction force is the force made by a surface as an object moves across it. It is the force that often opposes the direction of the motion of an object. Friction tends to slow things down. Force Forces push or pull on objects and cause them to change their position and direction. Example: Gravity, magnetic force, and friction. Application/ Demonstration: Book friction

●Newton’s first law of motion: An object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by another force, and an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by another force. Newton’s Laws of Motion s/blue-one.png

Application/Demonstration 1CAmEnowwgo/TWnjoPGjU8I/AAAAAAAAAWY/kU5qKnV8ZDk/s1600/pulling-card.png Newton’s first law of motion A body at rest remains at rest, until a force is acted upon it. 11/alexis2/firstlaw.html A body in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by another force. Don’t let this be you. Wear seat belts. Objects (including you) resist changes in their motion. When the car going 80 km/hour is stopped by the brick wall, your body keeps moving at 80 km/hour.

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Check for understanding Newton’s first law of Motion: A body in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by another force. A body at rest remains at rest, until a force is acted upon it. Think, pair, share (share with a partner) Give an example of Newton’s first law and explain it.

●Newton's second law of motion: objects with more mass require more force to move/accelerate them The math that represents Newton’s second law: force = mass x acceleration F=MA two.png Newton’s Laws of Motion

Acceleration! Phet simulation demonstration Acceleration: Speedometer demonstration Acceleration is the rate at which an object increases its velocity/speed. Application/Demonstration: Speedometer phet simulation

GRAVITY F=ma a= 9.8 m/s 2 Gravity of the earth is a force that pulls objects towards it. Every object pulled by earth’s gravity will move down to it at an acceleration rate equals to 9.8 m/s 2 The acceleration rate of gravity on Earth is the same for all objects no matter what the mass of the object is.

Newton’s second Law of motion F=ma Force Units: N ( Kg. m/s 2 ) Mass Units: Kg Acceleration Units: m/s 2 F m a ■How much force is needed to accelerate a 1400 kg car 2 m/s 2 ? ■Write the formula F = m x a ■Fill in given numbers and units F = 1400 kg x 2 m/s 2 ■Solve for the unknown : F = 2800 N

Application/Demonstration Objects with more mass require more force to move/accelerate them Newton's Second Law of Motion

Mass: ●The greater the mass of an object, the bigger force needed to change its motion. ●The less the mass of an object, the smaller force needed to change its motion. Acceleration: ●If an object has a greater mass it will take greater force to accelerate it. ●If an object has a less mass it will take less force to accelerate it. Force: ●If an object is pushed or pulled with a large force it will accelerate more. ●If an object is pushed or pulled with a small force it will accelerate less. Force is directly related/proportional to the mass and acceleration. The symbol for "directly proportional" is ∝

Newton's second law of motion Net Force (N)Mass (kg)Acceleration ( m/s 2) When we increase the mass, acceleration will decrease. When we decrease mass, acceleration will increase. If force is kept constant: mass and acceleration are inversely proportional. Force is directly related/proportional to mass and acceleration. The symbol for "directly proportional" is ∝

Newton’s second law Practice 1.The Earth is applying a gravitational force of 7.2 N on an apple that weighs 0.73 Kg. What is the acceleration of the apple as it falls toward the ground? 2. A net force of 16 N causes an object with mass (m) to accelerate at a rate of 5 m/s 2. Determine the mass. 3. How much force is needed to accelerate a 66 kg skier 1m/s 2 ? ■ 4. What is the force on a 1000 kg elevator that is falling freely at 9.8 m/sec/sec? F m a

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Check For Understanding Newton's second law of motion: objects with more mass require more force to move/accelerate them. A. What is the force on a 1000 kg elevator that is falling freely at 9.8 m/s 2 ? B.Give an example of Newton’s second law and explain it.

Planets are traveling in a straight line. The strong gravitational pull of the sun pulls the planet towards its center. The gravitational pull of the Sun makes the planet orbit (or revolve) around the sun. Why do planets stay in orbit around the sun? Application/Demonstration: Ball and string D.jpg

●Newton’s third law of motion: every action has an equal and opposite reaction Newton’s Laws of Motion

newtons-3rd.png Application/Demonstration Every action has an equal and opposite reaction Newton’s Third Law of Motion Bubble Soccer 0- 1:35 min

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Check For Understanding Give an example of Newton’s third law and explain it. Newton’s third law of motion: every action has an equal and opposite reaction

F87BC031.jpg Sir Isaac Newton is an English physicist and mathematician in the 17th century. ●Newton’s first law of motion: An object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by another force, and an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by an outside force. ●Newton's second law of motion: objects with more mass require more force to move/accelerate them (force = mass X acceleration) ●Newton’s third law of motion: every action has an equal and opposite reaction Newton’s Laws of Motion Summary

forces.jpeg 3. Newton’s third law of motion A. B. 1.Newton’s first law of motion 2. Newton's second law of motion Match the following images to specific newton’s law. Check For Understanding

C png D. Match the following images to specific Newton’s law.. 3. Newton’s third law of motion 2. Newton's second law of motion 1.Newton’s first law of motion Check For Understanding

F. E. Match the following images to specific Newton’s law. 3. Newton’s third law of motion 2. Newton's second law of motion 1.Newton’s first law of motion Check For Understanding

Interactive/ Newton's Laws: Click on the following link Go over the three laws then finish the quiz.