Cold War Review and SFA (K, L)

Strategies of the Cold War Space Race Build up of nuclear weapons Espionage/ Spying War of words/ propaganda Humanitarian aid to South America and Africa

Truman Doctrine At the present moment in world history nearly every nation must choose between alternative ways of life. The choice is too often not a free one.... “I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation [overthrow] by armed minorities or by outside pressures. I believe that we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way....

Marshall Plan “The truth of the matter is that Europe’s requirements for the next three or four years of foreign food and other essential products—principally from America—are so much greater than her present ability to pay that she must have substantial additional help, or face economic, social, and political deterioration of a very grave character. The remedy lies in breaking the vicious circle and restoring the confidence of the European people in the economic future of their own countries and of Europe as a whole... It is logical that the United States should do whatever it is able to do to assist in the return of normal economic health to the world, without which there can be no political stability and no assured peace...”,

Berlin Airlift “When Berlin falls, western Germany will be next. If we mean... to hold Europe against Communism, we must not budge. We can take humiliation and pressure short of war in Berlin without losing face. If we withdraw, our position in Europe in threatened. If America does not understand this now, does not know that the issue is cast, then it never will and communism will run rampant. I believe the future of democracy requires us to stay….[in Berlin]

McCarthyism “Ideological termites have burrowed into many American industries, organizations, and societies. Wherever they may be, I say let us dig them out and get rid of them. My brothers and I will be happy to subscribe generously to a pest-removal fund. We are willing to establish such a fund to ship to Russia the people who don’t like our American system of government and prefer the communistic system to ours:

Results Sputnik Educational Reform

Massive Retaliation

President Eisenhower’s foreign policy emphasize Nuclear weapons and air power*

Analogies US: democracy :: USSR:___________. Capitalism: __________________ :: Socialism: government ownership __________ : collectivism :: large : small

Nuclear weapons may lead to the destruction of the world

Domestic policies to prevent the spread of communism

SFA Roosevelt’s Day of Infamy showed the shift of American foreign policy from isolationism to ( conformity, internationalism) Britain and the United States did not send troops to the Eastern front to help the Soviets and Stalin. Fear of the Japanese led to the internment of the Japanese in camps.

SFA During WW II women worked in nontraditional jobs. What were the Marshal Plan, the Truman Doctrine, and Eisenhower Doctrine an example of? (US response to Soviet aggression, Causes of WW II) The atomic bomb, sonar, and use of radio were technological advances from WW II

SFA The GI Bill affected the US by increasing college enrollment, raising the standard of living, and the growth of suburbs. The arms race between the U.S. and the Soviets led to the increase of the military budget. Mass hysteria can lead to the government curb constitutional rights. Sputnik's launch led the US to make many changes.