Changing Scholarly Communications and the Role of an Institutional Repository in the Digital Landscape Marilyn Billings Scholarly Communications Librarian W.E.B. Du Bois Library

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Scholarly Communication: a Bit of Background Traditional modes  Journals in the sciences  Monographs in the humanities “Crisis” of 1990s  Spiraling publishing costs, especially journals  Increasing volume of materials available in digital form  Lack of access February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Research Libraries Book and Journal Costs, February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Scholarly Communication: Exploration of New Models Open access journals  Journals available at no cost to end user  May or not be refereed  Typically available in electronic format Institutional digital repositories  Unified open access to and preservation of the electronic collections of works of members of the institution’s community February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Exploration of New Models Possible Opportunities Significantly increase the visibility and citation impact of your work Incorporate materials into face-to-face and online courses, use in research projects, and re- purpose, all at no cost to end user Digitally archive your work with permanent url May include both previously published as well as unpublished manuscripts and data sets in a variety of formats February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Exploration of New Models Action Steps for Faculty 1. Manage copyright / retain author rights 2. Select journals and publishers with access friendly policies 3. Prefer open access grant agencies when seeking funding 4. Self-archive February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings 1.Manage Copyright Retain Author Rights  Reproduction  Distribution  Public performance  Modification of original work Modify publisher contracts  SPARC Authors Addendum  Creative Commons licenses February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings 2. Journals With Access-friendly Policies Determine open access journals in your field Investigate current publisher policies  Sherpa / RoMEO website  Publisher websites Faculty roles  Author  Editor / Editorial board /  Peer reviewer February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings 3. Open-Access Granting Agencies National Science Foundation 06.htm National Institutes of Health Wellcome Trust FRPAA (Federal Research Public Access Act) and its impact February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings 4. Self-archive Institutional Digital Repositories  Directory of Open Access Repositories  Our example - UMass Amherst Disciplinary Repositories  arXiv.org  RePEc  Other examples February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Institutional Repository: What is it? “a set of services that a university offers to the members of its community for the management and dissemination of digital materials created by the institution and its community members.” - Clifford Lynch, ARL Bimonthly Report 226, Feb “digital collections that capture and preserve the intellectual output of university communities” - Ryam Crowe, Case for Institutional Repositories, SPARC, 2002 February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings And That Means? Institutionally defined Scholarly Cumulative and perpetual Centralized management Open and interoperable February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Why do this? Proactive response to scholarly communication and open access issues Showcase for scholars and institution Ease of use by faculty and researchers Long-term preservation, persistent urls Wide dissemination of intellectual output More frequent citations February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Online or Invisible? Steve Lawrence, Nature 2001, Vol. 411p.253 February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Challenges Perception of faculty members  What value is there in publishing in open access journals? Impact on tenure and promotion? Potential problems with author pays financial model?  Copyright issues? Who owns the copyright to works published in an open access journal? What can a faculty member do to preserve the right to post a previously published work to an open access journal? February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Use of IRs Rieh, Soo Young, et al. “Census of Institutional Repositories in the U.S.: A Comparison Across the Institutions at Different Stages of IR Development.” D- Lib Magazine 13, no. 11/12 (2007)  Leaders: Who bears the responsibility for IR planning, pilot-testing, and implementation?  Funding: From where does IR funding come?  Content: What types of document are in IRs, and which content recruitment methods are most popular?  Contributors: Who contributes to IRs?  Systems: Which IR systems are most prevalent? February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Leaders “In general, librarians lead the IR effort in all stages of IR development.”  Library role as steward of scholarship  Collection development expertise  Liaison role with faculty  Center of expertise on metadata  Commitment to long-term preservation  Complementarity of repository and licensed digital materials February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Funding Wide variety of responses, many informal  Special initiative supported by the library  Costs absorbed in routine library operating costs  Regular budget line item for your institution's library  Grant awarded by an external source  Special initiative supported by your institution's central administration  Special initiative supported by your institution's archives February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Content Research materials  Doctoral dissertations, theses, honors projects  Working papers, journal articles, raw data files Teaching materials  Learning objects  Preprints  Audio and video materials  E portfolios February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Contributors Faculty and researchers Graduate and Honors students Archivists and Librarians University Press Academic Offices  Office of Research  Office of Outreach, Cooperative Extension February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Content recruitment strategies Working one-on-one with early adopters Word-of-mouth from early adopters to their colleagues Mandating deposit of dissertations, theses, honors projects Mandating deposit of research results from internal institutional grants February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Systems Commercial  bePress from Berkeley Electronic Press  CONTENTdm  Library System vendor products Open Source  DSpace  E Prints  Fedora February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Scholarly Communication Selected Bibliography Create Change Scholarly Communication Toolkit olarlycommunicationtoolkit/toolkit.htm olarlycommunicationtoolkit/toolkit.htm Scholarly Publishing & Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC) February 13,

Scholarly Communication & IRs / Marilyn Billings Institutional Repository Selected Bibliography Bailey, Charles W. Institutional Repositories, Tout de Suite EDUCAUSE Resource Center on IRs sitories sitories Gibbons, Susan. Establishing an Institutional Repository ection ection-2193 OpenDOAR SPARC Repository Resources February 13,