The 13 Original Colonies Click to Continue

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Proprietary Colonies Ruled by individuals or groups to whom Britain had granted land. They were generally free to rule as they wished. May have an appointed governor or a legislature. Royal Colonies Britain directly ruled these colonies. The king appointed a governor and council and they British leaders told them what to do. Charter Colonies Established by settlers who had been given a charter or a grant of rights and privileges. These colonists elected their own governors and members of legislature. IMPORTANT TERMS

As population swells we see a need of more government. Agricultural / Pre-Industrial society. Women married early had large families. Growth of Towns and Villages. Subsistence Farming THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIES

Commerce Waterpower, Lumber, Mills (Grain) Cottage industry (The hidden economy of women.) Shipbuilding, Fishing, intra-colonial trade Triangular Trade ECONOMICS IN NEW ENGLAND

Shipping Africans to the West Indies. THE MIDDLE PASSAGE

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This plan above of a slave ship developed by Clarkson and his co-workers shocked the public when it appeared in It shows how 482 slaves could be packed on board the Brookes of Liverpool for the 6 to 8 week voyage to the West Indies. The Brookes actually carried 609 slaves on one voyage.

New Hampshire Year Founded 1620 ReasonReligious Freedom Trade and Fishing ReligionPuritan EconomyMixed Farming GovernmentRoyal

Massachusetts Year Founded 1620 (Plymouth) 1630 (Mass Bay) ReasonReligious Freedom ReligionPuritans/ Separatists (Pilgrims) EconomyMixed Farming, Fishing, Ship Building GovernmentRoyal

Connecticut Year Founded 1635 ReasonTrade, Religious Freedom, and Political Freedom ReligionPuritan GovernmentCharter EconomyMixed Farming

Rhode Island Year Founded 1636 Reason Religious Freedom Religion No one major religion Government Charter Economy Mixed Farming

Fertile soil and a slightly milder climate then New England. This region was able to cultivate larger areas of land and produced bigger harvests. Also had industries: Some were home-based crafts such as carpentry and flour making. MIDDLE COLONIES

Over 100,000 German immigrants came to America in the colonial era almost all settling in Pennsylvania. The Germans belonged to a group of Protestant groups. Together with the Dutch, Swedish, etc. this region was extremely DIVERSE!! GERMAN IMMIGRANTS

New York Year Founded 1624 ReasonTrade ReligionNo one major Religion Governme nt Proprietary then Royal EconomyFarming and Fur Trade

Pennsylvania Year Founded 1682 ReasonReligious Freedom for Quakers ReligionNo One Single Religion GovernmentProprietary EconomyWheat, Mixed Farming

New Jersey Year Founded 1638 ReasonProfit from selling land ReligionNo One Major Religion GovernmentProprietary EconomyMixed Farming

Delaware Year Founded 1638 ReligionNo One Major Religion GovernmentProprietary ReasonsTrade and Profits, Established by Sweden taken by Dutch and then England EconomyFarming

Because of the good soil and long growing season the South did not develop commerce or industry. The depended on English Merchants to manage their trade. Cultivated Large Farms – Plantations which needed a large unskilled labor force. THE SOUTHERN ECONOMY

The cash crop of Maryland and Virginia was tobacco. However, overproduction would cause profits to fall. (Q. What economic law is this?) So, farmers began the switch to corn and wheat. The cash crop of South Carolina and Georgia was Rice. Rice cultivation is a very labor intensive and nasty. Imagine working in the rice fields all day standing in mud up to your knees. (Q. Do you think that you could get an indentured servant to do this?) TOBACCO AND RICE AND THE TIDEWATER

THE THREE KINGS OF THE SOUTHERN ECONOMY (1700 – 1860)

Most large Southern Plantations were self-contained communities. Planter’s wife supervised the main house and the household servants. Plantation included slave cabins, barns, and stables. May even have its own church and school. BACKCOUNTRY

Maryland Year Founded 1634 ReligionNo One Major Religion GovernmentProprietary ReasonsReligious Freedom for Catholics EconomyTobacco

Virginia Year Founded 1607 ReligionAnglican GovernmentRoyal ReasonsJoint-Stock Company, Money EconomyTobacco

North Carolina Year Founded 1660 ReligionAnglican GovernmentProprietary ReasonTrade and Profits, Virginians EconomyRice, Joint Business Venture

South Carolina Year Founded 1670 ReligionAnglican GovernmentProprietary ReasonTrade and Profits EconomyRice

Georgia Year Founded 1733 ReligionAnglican GovernmentRoyal ReasonDebtor colony and a buffer zone between Spanish Colonies EconomyRice