Module 5 Part A Lecture 05/17/2016

Morphology physical traits Ecology niche, diet Behavior mating, communication Genetic DNA sequence data

Any or all of the listed types of evidence can be used if the traits are homologous. Homologous structure: similar due to common ancestry Analogous structure: similar functions, but different origins Bird Wing Insect Wing

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TIME Past Present Day ? The more traits that 2 organisms share, the more closely related they are to each other. ?

TIME Past Present Day Each branching point indicates a common ancestor for the organisms that are descendants from branch. Common Ancestor of Turtle, Kangaroo, Rhesus, and Human

TIME Past Present Day You can use the timescale to figure out the timing of common ancestry of organisms. This is another way to determine how organisms are related to each other. Humans and snapping turtles more recently shared a common ancestor... …than humans and lampreys did. So, humans are more closely related to turtles than to lampreys.

TIME Past Present Day Use a phylogenetic tree to make decisions about taxonomy. Include a common ancestor and all of those that come later in one taxonomic grouping. Placental Mammals Mammals