ماجستير هندسة المنشات الهيدروليكية

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Presentation transcript:

ماجستير هندسة المنشات الهيدروليكية جامعة الكوفة مركز تطوير التدريس والتدريب الجامعي دورة التأهيل التربوي الأولى للعام الدراسي 2015-2016 القفزة الهيدروليكية Hydraulic Jump إشراق محمد رضا ماجستير هندسة المنشات الهيدروليكية Email: ishraqali21@yahoo.com

هدف المحاضرة اكتساب المتعلمين مفهوم القفزة الهيدروليكية وتصنيفاتها وتطبيقاتها وخصائصها الرئيسة. الأهداف السلوكــــية نأمل بعد انتهاء المحاضرة أن يكون الطالب قادرا على : يعرّف القفزة الهيدروليكية. يعرّف القفزة الهيدروليكية بأسلوبه. يصنف أنواع القفزة الهيدروليكية. يذكر التطبيقات العملية للقفزة الهيدروليكية. يعطي مثال للقفزة الهيدروليكية. يعطي لا مثال للقفزة الهيدروليكية.

7. يوظف خصائص القفزة الهيدروليكية في حل المسائل الرياضية. 8. يستنبط أفضل أنواع القفزة الهيدروليكية. 9. يستنتج الأخطار الناجمة عن عدم السيطرة على القفزة الهيدروليكية. 10. يقترح طرقا جديدة لتفادي الأخطار الناجمة عن عدم السيطرة على القفزة الهيدروليكية. 11. يعطي رأيه في أهمية القفزة الهيدروليكية.

محاور المحاضرة تعريف القفزة الهيدروليكية. 2. التطبيقات العملية للقفزة الهيدروليكية. 3. المؤشر الرئيسي لحدوث القفزة الهيدروليكية. 4.أنواع القفزة الهيدروليكية. 5.الخصائص الرئيسية للقفزة الهيدروليكية. أ.تشتيت الطاقة (∆E). ب.ارتفاع القفزة الهيدروليكية(hj). 6. مثال تطبيقي. 7. أسئلة. محاور المحاضرة

A hydraulic jump is a phenomenon in the science of hydraulics which is frequently observed in open channel flow such as rivers and spillways, When liquid at high velocity discharges (supercritical flow) into a zone of lower velocity (subcritical flow). high velocity supercritical flow Low velocity subcritical flow

Practical applications of hydraulic jump 1. Dissipation the energy of water flowing over dams and weirs and other hydraulic structure. Figure(1): applications of hydraulic jump

Practical applications of hydraulic jump 2.Raising water levels in canals to enhance irrigation practices Figure(2): applications of hydraulic jump

Practical applications of hydraulic jumps 3.To mix chemicals used for water perfection. Figure(3): applications of hydraulic jump

Practical applications of hydraulic jump 4. To aerate water for city water supplies. Figure(4): applications of hydraulic jump

Practical applications of hydraulic jump 5. To remove air pocket from water supply lines. Figure(5): applications of hydraulic jump

The main parameter of a hydraulic jump In hydraulic jumb the downstream flow depth (y2)is always larger than upstream flow depth (y1) see fig(3) Figure(6): Hydraulic jump with y1 and y2

velocity at upstream depth ( y1) Upstream Froude number (Fr1) The main parameter of a hydraulic jumb is Fr1 = v1 / (g y1)1/2     velocity at upstream depth ( y1) gravity acceleration upstream flow depth

Figure(2): Hydraulic jump with y1 and y2 Fr1>1 supercritical (high velocity) jump is occurring subcritical (low velocity) jump is not occurring Fr1<1 Figure(2): Hydraulic jump with y1 and y2

Figure (5): Classification types of hydraulic jump . 2.Classification of hydraulic jump Figure (5): Classification types of hydraulic jump

4. Principle Characteristics of hydraulic jump Energy dissipation (∆E) E1= y1+(V1)2/2g E2=y2+(V2)2/2g ∆ E=E1-E2

Height of hydraulic jump For computing y1 or y2 we can use this formula below: 4. Principle Characteristics of hydraulic jump Height of hydraulic jump hJ=y2-y1

what is the hydraulic jump? Questions what is the hydraulic jump? What is the hydraulic jump in your own word? What are the types of hydraulic jump? What is an example of hydraulic jump? What is not an example of hydraulic jump ?

7. Conclude the best type of hydraulic jump. 8. If you have velocity of upstream of flow 5m/s what is the type of hydraulic jump? 9. Conclude the dangers arising from lack control of the hydraulic jump. 10. Proposes new ways to avoid the dangers arising from lack control of the hydraulic jump. 11. What do you think about the importance of the hydraulic jump ?

Thank you