End of Unit Revision Peace and Justice

Congratulations!!! We have reached the end of Unit 5 - Just 3 more to go!!! Today’s aim is to Revise the topic and produce a helpful A3 sheet to help you with revision for your mock but aslo for your GCSE in a few months time

Grade C: All will complete the revision 3 in some detail Grade B: Most will assess which of the past paper questions they could answer Grade A/A* some will even begin answering a set of past papers

Poor Annie Just Couldn't Resist Ian's Latest Romantic Proposals Without Playing Jelly Marbles. Proper Authority - it must be fought by a legal recognised authority e.g. a government Just Cause - the cause of the war must be just (retaliation rather than aggression) Right Intention - the war must be fought with the intention to establish good or correct evil Last Resort - the war must be the last resort (after all diplomatic negotiations etc. have been tried and have failed) Proportionality - only sufficient force must be used (which rules out atom bombs) Win Possible - there must be a reasonable chance of success Just Method - civilians must not be involved Guys, this is the level of detail that I am looking for and which will be helpful for you as a revision aid – so here’s one I have done for you – if you like it, you can have it – 5 mins to copy

Bible teaches us that God loves justice and fairness Forgiveness is part of God’s justice Jesus offers us forgiveness on the cross and brings about justice God has compassion for those who suffer injustice e.g. the poor/oppressed God’s justice demands that wrong-doing is punished and that repentance matters Christians apply this understanding of justice to criminals They are to be forgiven but also encouraged to repent, say sorry, for sin You flagging, guys? You’ve been at it 15 mins now and I am feeling sorry for you. So here’s another FREEBIE – get this down

Some christians would quote Leviticus which says “whoever kills a man must be put to death” and they would quote “an eye for an eye and a tooth for tooth” they would say that capital punishment is appropriate if you take someone else’s life. Other Christians would say that Jesus taught pacifism and forgiveness and that all life, even the life of a criminal, is sacred to God. They would say that only God has the right to take life and judge a person once they are dead. Whilst they would agree with imprisoning criminals they would say that capital punishment is one step too far I am too soft on you, I know – but here’s another FREEBIE – get it down, it will be gone in 5 mins. If you have already done this one, check if it’s better than mine!!

End of Lesson Plenary You will each be given a strip of paper with an exam question on it and an outline answer You must go around the room asking others your question, help them if they get stuck as you have the answer!!!! They don’t!! Then they ask you their question. Once you have asked each other your two questions you must swap papers and then move to another person. Repeat the exercise and we will do this for en minutes.

Q: What is meant by social injustice?(1) A: When society is not based on christian ideas of equality and fairness e.g. those who are poor are mistreated or women are denied the vote Give two examples of ways in which a Christian might respond to social injustice(2) A: Might respond like Oscar Romero and speak out against the things that are keep people oppressed or might respond like Martin Luther King and encourage boycotts until human rights are restored How might a Christian respond to violence(3) A: By applying the principles of a Just War, or perhaps by being a pacifist because Jesus said “those who lived by the sword die by the sword” or they might say that it is the role of a Christian to fight against evil or, alternatively they might be like the Amish and turn the other cheek (as Jesus commanded) Q: Explain Christian attitudes to peace (6) A: Look for answers that mention and explain what pacifism is – maybe a mention of the Quakers or the Amish, but also look for answers that mention and explain that some Christians believe that war can sometimes be the last resort to bring about peace. Maybe a mention of Augustine who said “Christians make war with tears in their eyes”. Also look for answers that mention Jesus’ teaching about loving your enemies and forgiving others. Above all the answer should stress that Christians are devoted to peace and, for example, Martin Luther King believed that peaceful means were the only means to bring about justice and fairness in the world.

What is pacifism?(1) A: Pacifism means “peace” and is the belief that christians should never use violence at all. The Quakers believe this Give two examples of what Christians might consider to be social injustice (2) A: The treatment of blacks as inferior to whites – the social injustice that Martin Luther King tried to overcome The treatment of women as inferior to men – something that the sufragets tried to overcome The unequal access that humans have to food – poverty etc Why might Christians work for peace (3) A. The answers should refer to pacifism and what that stands for, it should mention that Jesus taught his followers to love their enemies and pray for those who persecute them, the answer should also reflect on the importance of forgiveness and justice and fairness to Christians and how they look forward to a kingdom where all are treated fairly etc. What are Christian attitudes towards war (6) A. Look for answers that mention and explain that Christians have different approaches to the issue of war. So the answer would need to explain what pacifism is – maybe a mention of the Quakers or the Amish, but also look for answers that mention and explain that some Christians believe that war can sometimes be the last resort to bring about peace. Maybe a mention of Augustine who said “Christians make war with tears in their eyes”. So in this answer you would want mention and explanation of the Just War Theory. Also look for answers that mention Jesus’ teaching about loving your enemies and forgiving others. Above all the answer should stress that Christians are devoted to peace and, for example, Martin Luther King believed that peaceful means were the only means to bring about justice and fairness in the world.

What is capital punishment? Dealing with criminals through the death penalty e.g. hanging or lethal injection Give two aims that Christians would give for punishing criminals (2) Retribution – criminals paying for their crimes, Reformation – allowing them to change their ways, Protection for the rest of us in society, Deterrence - to put others off from criminal behaviour Why might a Christian chose to become a soldier (3) A. They might say that Jesus never condemned soldiers when he encountered them, in fact he commended one of them for his faith; they might refer to the Just War theory and say that in some circumstances war is necessary and good and therefore being a soldier is something that God would bless and they might say that protecting the innocent and working against evil is what God wants of all christian people. Explain what is meant by a “Just War” Proper Authority - it must be fought by a legal recognised authority e.g. a government Just Cause - the cause of the war must be just (retaliation rather than aggression) Right Intention - the war must be fought with the intention to establish good or correct evil Last Resort - the war must be the last resort (after all diplomatic negotiations etc. have been tried and have failed) Proportionality - only sufficient force must be used (which rules out atom bombs) Win Possible - there must be a reasonable chance of success Just Method - civilians must not be involved

Revd Gareth Williams Bishop of Llandaff High School