Chapter 22, Lesson 3 Presidents of Progressive Era

Teddy Roosevelt VP under William McKinley, took office in 1901 when McKinley is assassinated Distrusted big business & wanted to regulate monopolies 1904-Supreme Court ruled against Northern Securities Company Trustbuster: Gov’t official who investigates monopolies & trusts

Mine Workers ,000 United Mine Workers went on strike Wanted more $, 8 hour workday, union rights to talk with owners TR stepped in and made accept arbitration: both sides accept settlement decided by a neutral party Mine workers got $, 8 hour workday, not rights to talk

Square Deal TR promised plan for “fair and equal treatment for all” in 1904 campaign for Pres Won easily and called for gov’t regulation of business Unlike prior policies of laissez-faire (let the people do as they choose) Supported Meat Inspection Act, Pure Food & Drug Act

Conservation TR believed in protection & preservation of natural resources Conserved forests, mineral deposits, water Started U.S. Forest Service Nat’l Conservation Commission:1 st survey of our natural resources

William Taft TR didn’t seek re-election Asked his friend & fellow Rep William Taft to run Taft easily defeated Dem William Jennings Bryan Won more antitrust cases Supported 16 th Amendment (1913): Federal Income taxes, higher income have higher % Could lower tariffs, making goods cheaper

TR vs Taft TR mad that Taft didn’t support low tariffs & conservation TR planned to run for Pres again but didn’t have Rep support Started own Progressive political Party (Bull Moose Party)

1912 Election Rep Party was split between Taft & TR Dem Woodrow Wilson, former Gov of NJ won w/ 435/531 electoral votes

Woodrow Wilson Progressive Wilson lowered tariffs 1913-Federal Reserve Act: system of 12 regional banks w/ central board to regulate 1914-Federal Trade Commission: investigate corporations for unfairness 1914-Clayton Antitrust Act-attacked trusts Progressive ideas waning w/ war in Europe