Bell-Ringer Take 7 minutes to continue working on your WWII timeline. By this point, you should be approaching “Italian Campaign.” This timeline will be collected for points on test day. Test will be Tuesday. Agenda: – –Allied Victory (today) – –Atomic Bombs/Aftermath (tomorrow) – –Aftermath, human cost of war, study guide work time/review (Friday) – –Review day, review game (Monday) – –Test (Tuesday) – –Begin Cold War unit (Weds.)

WWII – Victory Vocab D-Day D-Day Battle of the Bulge Battle of the Bulge Kamikaze Kamikaze Iwo Jima Iwo Jima Okinawa Okinawa Island Hopping Island Hopping Atomic Bombs Atomic Bombs V-E Day V-E Day V-J Day V-J Day

Holocaust Speaker Reflection Think: can you remember the three things Magda wants you to remember? Pair: discuss your impressions of the speaker’s story and Magda’s three points (if you remember) Share: we’ll share as a whole class!

Holocaust Speaker Reflection On a clean sheet of paper, please record Magda’s three points. Write: what did you learn? (3-4 sentences) Write: what surprised you? (2-3 sentences)

Background North African Campaign –1942 Operation Torch Stalingrad –Germans attack Soviets –Soviets finally start pushing Germans back Invasion of Italy –British and Americans attack Italy first (June 1943) –Italy Surrenders, Mussolini is arrested, Germans gain control again and put him back in power, Italian resistance find him and hang him

Operation Torch/North African Theatre ( )

Battle of Stalingrad (winter )

Battle of Kursk (summer 1943)

D-Day (Designated Day) June 6, 1944 Eisenhower and Allied troops (British, French, American, Canadian) land on Normandy beach (NW France) from G.B. –Operation Overlord – greatest land and sea attack in history General Patton and forces of tanks make Germans retreat Liberated France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands

D-Day Landing on Normandy Beach

Battle of the Bulge December 16, 1944 Allies moving toward Germany from West, Soviets advancing from East Germans attack West and broke through American defenses Allies push back and Nazis retreat

Battle of the Bulge

Victory over Germany German forces trapped and surrounded Hitler and wife commit suicide in a Berlin underground headquarters (April 30, 1945) –Blamed Jews for starting war and Generals for losing it May 7, 1945 – Unconditional surrender of German military May 8, 1945 – Signed, V-E Day (Victory in Europe Day)

Victory in Pacific Japanese on retreat after Guadalcanal Allies land on island of Leyte in Philippines – Japanese fleet loses –All left – Japanese army and kamikazes Allies take Iwo Jima and Okinawa (bloodiest battle of war)

Kamikaze: suicide pilots

Victory in Pacific (cont.) Next is Japan – Truman warns to surrender or expect “a rain of ruin from the air” August 6, 1945 – Atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima (73,000 died) – Little Boy August 9, 1945 – Nagasaki (37,500 died, radiation killed more) – Fat Man Japanese surrender on Sept 2, 1945 – V-J Day – WAR OVER!!

Effects 55 million dead Nuremburg Trials – Nazi leaders tried for war crimes (12/22 hanged, burned) Homeless, hunger, land destroyed February, 1945 – FDR, Churchill, Stalin meet at Yalta (Russia) to discuss postwar issues –Divide Germany as well as Berlin into 4 zones that GB, France, US, and Soviets will occupy

Effects U.N. formed – permanent int’l organization to maintain peace Governments changed – communists on rise – promised change Potsdam – Allies meet again –Different leaders, more tension (U.S. and Soviets have different goals) –Stalin wants to punish Germany – Truman says no!