Español I Señora Berndt Cognados - Cognates

Cognados - Cognates There are some Spanish words that when you see them, you know (or think you know what they mean. They may be spelled exactly a like – or similar to – an English word. An example would be “hotel”. Such words are called Cognates Cognates are our Friends. Although cognates may be spelled like our words, they are not pronounced the same.

Ejemplos normal animal metal final general hospital natural actor doctor color favor garage horrible terrible probable ángel

Mas ejemplos imposible absolutamente excelente completamente importante clase fantástico eléctrico matemáticas universidad absolutamente completamente dentista artista nervioso necesario primario secundario

¡Cuidado! - Beware There are words which look like English words but are actually what are called “False Cognates” or “false friends” False cognates are NOT our friends. Look at the following words: pie pan meter quince If they are English words, we know what they mean. If they are in Spanish – do we?

The real meaning Pie = foot, not pie Pan = bread, not pan Meter = to put or to place, not meter Quince = fifteen, not quince Let’s look at some more words

What do you think these words mean? hay sin once leer saber sopa embarazada

They are False Friends hay – there is, there are sin - without once - eleven leer – to read saber – to know sopa – soup embarazada - pregnant

You can read Spanish! You may not know it, but if I tell you that EL = the and HAY = there is or there are you can read a whole paragraph in Spanish. Let’s try it.

You can read Spanish! El elefante es un animal inteligente. Hay muchos elefantes en África. El camello es un animal enorme. Hay camellos en el desierto. El tigre es un animal feroz. El león es otro animal feroz. Hay muchos animales feroces en el circo.

OR Remains Identical el doctor el actor el tractor interior el color el profesor el favor el conductor el error el inventor OR Remains Identical

Some words that end in “CAL” in English end in “CO” in Spanish. el animal central local personal el criminal el canal comercial legal musical natural rural social AL Remains Identical Some words that end in “CAL” in English end in “CO” in Spanish. Logical = lógico Typical = típico

BLE Remains Identical el cable notable terrible posible flexible probable honorable noble horrible inevitable BLE Remains Identical

ADD THE LETTER “O” TO WORDS THAT END IN “IC” IC = ICO el atlántico el publico romántico democrático artístico elástico eléctrico automático ADD THE LETTER “O” TO WORDS THAT END IN “IC”

Add the letter “e” to words that end in “ent” or “ant” in English el presidente el accidente el cliente excelente importante diferente conveniente el elefante inteligente ENT =ENTE ANT=ANTE Add the letter “e” to words that end in “ent” or “ant” in English

IST = ISTA el pianista el violinista el dentista un artista un novelista un optimista el comunista el capitalista IST = ISTA You can convert many English words that end in “ist” into Spanish by adding “a” to them.

OUS = OSO famoso curioso delicioso generoso glorioso ambicioso religioso OUS = OSO English words that end in “ous” into Spanish by changing the “ous” to “OSO”

In general words which in in “ION” en English end in “ión” in Spanish corrección instrucción construcción convención la invitación la conversación la nación la acción la discusión la introducción la petición la opinión TION = CIÓN SION = SIÓN In general words which in in “ION” en English end in “ión” in Spanish

In general words which end in “ty” in English end in “dad” in Spanish la capacidad la dignidad la personalidad la electricidad la curiosidad la comunidad la humanidad la publicidad TY-= DAD In general words which end in “ty” in English end in “dad” in Spanish

In general words which end in “ty” in English end in “dad” in Spanish la capacidad la dignidad la personalidad la electricidad la curiosidad la comunidad la humanidad la publicidad TY= DAD In general words which end in “ty” in English end in “dad” in Spanish

In general words which end in “ry” in English end in “rio” in Spanish el canario aniversario contrario necesario literario diccionario imaginario involuntario itinerario extraordinario RY to RIO In general words which end in “ry” in English end in “rio” in Spanish

EM = EMA AM = AMA el programa el telegrama el cablegrama el problema el poema el sistema EM = EMA AM = AMA In general words which end in “em or ema” in English end in “ema or ama” in Spanish

In general words which end in “ce” in English end in “cia” in Spanish la distancia la conveniencia la experiencia la importancia la justicia Francia Alicia CE = CIA In general words which end in “ce” in English end in “cia” in Spanish

In general words which end in “cy” in English end in “cia” in Spanish la emergencia la tendencia la urgencia la diplomacia la democracia CY = CIA In general words which end in “cy” in English end in “cia” in Spanish

In general words which end in “INE” in English end in “INA” in Spanish la sardina la gasolina la medicina la penicilina la doctrina la aspirina la vitamina IN OR INE = INA In general words which end in “INE” in English end in “INA” in Spanish

In general words which end in “IVE” in English end in “IVO” in Spanish activo el explosivo el creativo el ofensivo el defectivo el abusivo el adjectivo el motivo IVE = IVO In general words which end in “IVE” in English end in “IVO” in Spanish

EL FIN Practica Palabras