The United States underwent many changes between 1800 and 1845 Territory expanded from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, and from Canada to Mexico The Power of the Federal government was defined during this period

The divisions between Northern and Southern states widened, and eventually led to war After 2 terms (8 years), George Washington decided not to run for president again In 1796, the Federalist candidate, John Adams, won the presidency After 4 years in office, Adams became unpopular

After 4 years, John Adams was up for re-election The Federalists, led by Alexander Hamilton, chose John Adams to run again They wanted a strong central government Advancement of industry Positive relationship with the British

The Democratic-Republicans chose Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr to run They wanted a weak government Strict interpretation of the Constitution Economy to be based on agriculture Thomas Jefferson narrowly won the election of 1800 The election of 1800 was the first peaceful transfer of power from one political party to another

Three Court cases established the Supreme Court’s authority Marbury vs. Madison Judicial Review- Supreme Court can rule laws unconstitutional McCulloch vs. Maryland States cannot tax the federal bank “The power to tax is the power to destroy” Gibbons vs. Ogden Conducting interstate commerce is a power exercised exclusively by Congress

In 1803, Thomas Jefferson bought the Louisiana territory from France doubling the size of the U.S. Lewis and Clark were sent by Jefferson to explore Louisiana Territory Sacajawea, a native American woman, served as their guide and translator Many Americans began moving west Manifest Destiny- belief that the United States should encompass the land between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, resulted in violent conflicts with Native Americans

France Great BritainAmerican merchant You boys can keep on killing each other. If either of y’all need anything, just give us Yankees a holler! I hate you, French dude! Je vous hais plus!

France Great Britain Causes of the War of 1812War of 1812 In 1803, Britain and France went to war again. Both countries seized U.S. ships sailing towards the ports of their enemy.

Causes The British and French were at war. British blocked American ships from trading with France Impressments- American sailors were forced to serve in the British navy

War James Madison declared war on the British Treaty of Ghent ended the war; prewar boundaries between the British and U.S. were restored Federalists opposed the treaty, talked of secession and proposed constitutional amendments, which were not acted upon

In 1814, the British set Washington, D.C. on fire, including the White House. Washington, D.C is Attacked The city was completely unprepared for the invaders, but one woman took immediate action. Even as people were fleeing the city in droves, First Lady Dolley Madison refused to leave without some of the nation's most important treasures-including the famous Gilbert Stuart portrait of George Washington.

The British attacked Fort McHenry at Baltimore. Francis Scott Key watched the battle from a British ship, where he was trying to convince the British to release an American prisoner. The Star-Spangled Banner

When the smoke cleared, “our flag was still there”. In response, Key wrote the poem “Defence of Fort M'Henry”, which later was put to music and renamed “The Star-Spangled Banner”.

Treaty of Ghent While it ended the war, the treaty did not resolve any of the problems between Britain and the U.S.

Battle of New Orleans Led by Gen. Andrew Jackson, the U.S. defeated the British two weeks after the Treaty of Ghent was signed. Casualties: Britain – 2,030; U.S. – 7