Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world 江苏睢宁高级中学 高一备课组

The man _______ (call) “Good husband”.is called The pet dog _______________ (treat) by veterinary. is being treated

A frog __________ (catch) by a big bird just now. was caught An argument _____ already __________ __________ (put forward). has been put forward

Point out the verb, the subject and the object in the following sentences: We kept food in the fridge. We must close the windows and the door. S V. O. S V.O Food was kept (by us) in the fridge. The windows and the door must be closed.

How can we change a sentence into passive voice ? 1. Find out the object of the sentence and use it as the subject of the sentence with the passive voice. 2. Decide the tense of the sentence and use the related form of its passive. 3. If necessary, use “by” to join the former subject, which should be put into its object form.

When do we use the passive voice? Many houses will be built here. 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。 The song “The East is Red” was written by a poor peasant. 强调动作的承受者。

The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English. 动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。 You are requested to attend the meeting. 出于礼貌, 不愿意说出动作的执行者。

Change the following sentences into the passive voice: 1. All of us like her. 2. We are discussing the question. 3. We have put off the meeting. 4. I will develop my picture next week. She is liked by all of us. The question is being discussed. The meeting has been put off. My picture will be developed next week.

be + done am/is/are 一般现在时 am/is/are+being 现在进行时 shall/will+be 一般将来时 have/has+been 现在完成时

be + done was/were 一般过去时 was/were+being 过去进行时 would+be 过去将来时 had+been 过去完成时

Please read Point 3 on Page 48. Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given: 1.I __________ (give) a new book by my father on my birthday. 2.English __________ (find) very useful. 3. The work ______________ (finish) tomorrow. 4. The flowers _______________ (water) by them now. was given is found will be finished are being watered

5. The railway ______________ (build) this time last year. 6. The new way ____ already _________ (build). 7. The new railway ____________ (build) by the end of last year. 8. He told me the sports meeting _____________ (hold) the next month. 9. Rice ________ (grow) in the south of the States. was being built has been built had been built would be held is grown

Change the following sentences into passive voice and ask questions about the underlined parts: 1. We will build many new sports venues for the Beijing Olympics. Many new sports venues will be built for the Beijing Olympics. What will be built for the Beijing Olympics?

2. I was watching the final match on TV yesterday evening. 3. John carried the Canadian flag at the opening of the Olympics. The final match was being watched yesterday evening. Where was the final match being watched yesterday? The Canadian flag was carried by John at the opening of the Olympics. Who (Whom) was the Canadian flag carried by at the Olympics?

4. We have made the flags by hand. 5. I will take care of your dog while you are away. The flags have been made by hand. How have the flags been made? Your dog will be taken care of while you are away. What will be taken care of while you are away?

We can use modal verbs in the passive voice to talk about ability, possibility, duty, permission, etc. Firefighters could be trained using RealCine. Computers can calculate the position of the viewer at any time. The position of the viewer can be calculated at any time.

Practice 1. The viewer can touch the objects in the film. 2. The viewer may feel a real sense of achievement and happiness. 3. RealCine might not impress some viewers. The objects in the film can be touched. A real sense of achievement and happiness may be felt. Some viewers might not be impressed by RealCine.

4. Teachers could use RealCine in the classroom too. 5. Film-makers should use RealCine for all films. 6. Scientists ought to develop RealCine further. 7. The viewer must wear special gloves. RealCine could be used in the classroom too. RealCine should be used for all films. RealCine ought to be developed further. Special gloves must be worn.

被动语态的各种句型 1. 单宾语结构。 Our English teacher often uses a tape- recorder in teaching English. A tape-recorder is often used (by our English teacher) in teaching English.

The villagers gave the foreign guests a warm welcome. The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the villagers. A warm welcome was given to the foreign guests by the villagers. We offered people in the flooded areas some food and clothes. 2. 双宾语结构。 People in the flooded areas were offered some food and clothes. Some food and clothes were offered to the people in the flooded areas.

3. 复合宾语结构。 They heard someone singing in the next room. object Object complement Someone was heard singing in the next room.

在主动语态中，有些使役动词和感官动词 后接不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语。 但在 被动语态中，要改为带 to 的不定式作主语 补足语。如 : see/hear/make sb. do sth. Sb. be seen/heard/made to do sth. They saw the boy fall from the tree. The boy was seen to fall from the tree.

4. 短语动词结构。相当于及物动词的短 语动词也可以有被动语态。 如 : look after, give up, take care of, pay attention to, make use of, put off, wake up, put out 等。 The children are taken good care of. The big fire has been put out. 孩子们得到了很好的照顾。 大火已经扑灭了。

特别注意 1. 只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有 被动语态。 不及物动词，不及物动词短语 或系动词没有被动语态。 如 : happen, go on, take place, belong to, sound, feel 等。 Correct mistakes: This room is belonged to me. This music is sounded sweet. belongs to sounds

2. 有些动词常用主动形式表示被动的 意思，如 : open, write, read, sell, wash, measure 等。 Your article reads well. This type of car sells well in China. This hall measures 100 metres long and 60 metres wide.

It is said that … It is reported that … It is hoped that … It is well known that … It is believed that … It must be pointed out that … 3. 在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。 如：

It is reported that another man-made satellite will be sent into the moon next month. Another man-made satellite is reported to be sent into the moon next month. 据报道, 下个月又一颗人造卫星将会被发 送到月球上。 The three missing sailors are believed to have drowned. It is believed that the three missing sailors have drowned. 人们认为这三个失踪的海员已经淹死了。

It is said that Li Ping will study abroad. Li Ping is said to study abroad. It is said that Li Ping is studying abroad. Li Ping is said to be studying abroad. Li Ping is said to have studied abroad. Li Ping is said to have been studying abroad. It is said that Li Ping studied abroad. It is said that Li Ping has been studying abroad.

被动语态与系表结构 被动语态表示动作，句子主语是该动作的承 受者，过去分词表示动作；而系表结构表示 状态，说明主语的特点或所处的状态。 The long novel was written by Mr. Lu Xun in the 1920s. The long novel is well written, isn’t it ? The glass was broken by his little son yesterday. Look, the glass is broken! Who broke it ? 被动语态 系表结构

Feedback: Choose the best answers: 1.— Is Bob still performing ? — I’m afraid not. He is said ______ the stage already as he has become an official. A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left

2. — Don’t you think it necessary that he _____ to Miami but to New York? — I agree, but the problem is ______ he has refused to. A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what

3. Millions of pounds’ worth of damage ____ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused 4. Much attention should ____ the rapid increase in the number of cars on the roads, which may ____ traffic jams and more accidents. A. pay to;result in B. be paid;result from C. be paid to;result in D. be paid;result from

5. She is very shy and she is not used to ____ in front of others. A. praise B. praising C. being praised D. be praised 6. — What did the students think of the speech made by the lecturer yesterday? — To tell you the truth, the students were all ____ with the ___ speech. A. boring; boring B. boring; bored C. bored; bored D. bored; boring

7. My sister ______ a good chance to go abroad for further education. A. offered B. was offering C. has offered D. was offered 8. A book ____ more than once if you want to understand it better. A. must be readed B. must be read C. must to be read D. must read

9. Every possible means ____ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear. A. is used B. are used C. have used D. has been used 10. —George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding ? —No. I __. Did they have a big wedding? A. was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadn’t been invited D. didn’t invite

1. The flowers were so lovely that they __________ in no time. （ 2007 全国卷 I ） A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell 2. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ______ in the past years. （ 2007 上海卷） A. discovered B. have discovered C. had been discovered D. have been discovered

3. I got caught in the rain and my suit__. （ 2007 北京卷） A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined 4. As the years passed, many occasions— birthdays, awards, graduations—_____ with Dad’s flowers. （ 2007 湖南卷） A. are marked B. were marked C. have marked D. had marked

5. At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement ______. （ 2007 江苏卷） A. has been reachedB. had been reached C. has reached D. had reached 6. John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it ____ seriously. （ 2007 上海春） A. damaged B. was being damaged C. had damaged D. had been damaged

7. If Newton lived today, he would be surprise by what ____ in science and technology. （ 2007 天津卷） A. had discovered B. had been discovered C. has discovered D. has been discovered 8. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ____ yet. （ 2007 浙江卷） A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t decided C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t decided

9. Leonardo da Vinci (1452—1519) _______ birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. （ 2007 重庆卷） A. is said to be buying B. is said to have bought C. had said to buy D. has said to have bought 10. —Have you handed in your schoolwork yet? —Yes, I have. I guess it ______ now. （ 2007 辽宁卷） A. has graded B. is graded C. is being graded D. is grading

Homework 1. Review what we learned today. 2. Preview Task.