© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. BIOLOGY Life on Earth WITH PHYSIOLOGY Tenth Edition Audesirk Audesirk Byers Active Lecture Questions by Carol R. Anderson Westwood College, River Oaks Campus 3 Biological Molecules

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Carbon can bond with _______ atom(s). a.1 b.2 c.3 d.4

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Carbon can bond with _______ atom(s). a.1 b.2 c.3 d.4

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Carbon’s ability to bond with up to four other atoms is significant because ___________. a.it enables the synthesis of inorganic molecules b.it allows molecules to assume complex shapes, and form long chains, rings, and helices c.all biological molecules have four covalent bonds d.it leads to the creation of large monomers from smaller polymers

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Carbon’s ability to bond with up to four other atoms is significant because ___________. a.it enables the synthesis of inorganic molecules b.it allows molecules to assume complex shapes, and form long chains, rings, and helices c.all biological molecules have four covalent bonds d.it leads to the creation of large monomers from smaller polymers

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. What molecule is removed during dehydration synthesis? a.Carboxyl b.Methyl c.Phosphate d.Water

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. What molecule is removed during dehydration synthesis? a.Carboxyl b.Methyl c.Phosphate d.Water

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Why is it so hard for most animals to break down cellulose? a.The lipid monomers of this polymer are connected by bonds with unique orientations. b.It must be eaten with large amounts of fiber. c.Most animals lack the enzymes that break the bonds between the glucose molecules of this polymer. d.The high pH of cellulose denatures the digestive enzymes of most animals.

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Why is it so hard for most animals to break down cellulose? a.The lipid monomers of this polymer are connected by bonds with unique orientations. b.It must be eaten with large amounts of fiber. c.Most animals lack the enzymes that break the bonds between the glucose molecules of this polymer. d.The high pH of cellulose denatures the digestive enzymes of most animals.

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Chitin differs from another long-chain polysaccharide, cellulose, in that the former has what unique functional group? a.Phosphate-containing functional group b.Nitrogen-containing functional group c.Sulfur-containing functional group d.Carboxylic-containing functional group

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Chitin differs from another long-chain polysaccharide, cellulose, in that the former has what unique functional group? a.Phosphate-containing functional group b.Nitrogen-containing functional group c.Sulfur-containing functional group d.Carboxylic-containing functional group

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Which is NOT a type of lipid? a.Triglyceride b.Wax c.Oil d.Peptide

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Which is NOT a type of lipid? a.Triglyceride b.Wax c.Oil d.Peptide

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. If you were going on a long trip and could take along only 10 pounds of food, it would be best to select food from which group? a.Carbohydrates, because they are an immediate source of energy b.Fats, because they contain more energy per gram c.Proteins, because they have a wide variety of functions d.Nucleic acids, because they contain the instructions for making proteins

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. If you were going on a long trip and could take along only 10 pounds of food, it would be best to select food from which group? a.Carbohydrates, because they are an immediate source of energy b.Fats, because they contain more energy per gram c.Proteins, because they have a wide variety of functions d.Nucleic acids, because they contain the instructions for making proteins

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Besides three fatty acids, a triglyceride molecule also has what other chemical group? a.Glycerol b.Phosphate c.Variable functional group d.Deoxyribose sugar

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Besides three fatty acids, a triglyceride molecule also has what other chemical group? a.Glycerol b.Phosphate c.Variable functional group d.Deoxyribose sugar

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Which functional group makes each amino acid different in structure? a.Carboxyl b.Amino c.Hydroxyl d.R

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Which functional group makes each amino acid different in structure? a.Carboxyl b.Amino c.Hydroxyl d.R

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. A peptide bond forms between which two functional groups? a.Hydroxyl and amino b.Hydroxyl and carboxyl c.Hydroxyl and methyl d.Carboxyl and amino

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. A peptide bond forms between which two functional groups? a.Hydroxyl and amino b.Hydroxyl and carboxyl c.Hydroxyl and methyl d.Carboxyl and amino

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Why would changing the shape of a protein change its function? a.Like a key (protein) and lock (function), if you change the shape of the key, it can no longer open the lock. b.Change in shape leads to more hydrophobic interactions. c.It wouldn’t; as long as the primary structure is intact, the function won’t change. d.Shape change will lead to a different amino acid sequence.

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Why would changing the shape of a protein change its function? a.Like a key (protein) and lock (function), if you change the shape of the key, it can no longer open the lock. b.Change in shape leads to more hydrophobic interactions. c.It wouldn’t; as long as the primary structure is intact, the function won’t change. d.Shape change will lead to a different amino acid sequence.

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Which nitrogen-containing base is not found in DNA? a.Adenine b.Uracil c.Guanine d.Cytosine

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Which nitrogen-containing base is not found in DNA? a.Adenine b.Uracil c.Guanine d.Cytosine

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. ATP and DNA are different because ATP is ___________. a.made of enzymes and DNA is made of RNA b.single stranded and DNA is double stranded c.a stable molecule and DNA is an unstable molecule d.a nucleotide monomer and DNA is a nucleic acid polymer

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. ATP and DNA are different because ATP is ___________. a.made of enzymes and DNA is made of RNA b.single stranded and DNA is double stranded c.a stable molecule and DNA is an unstable molecule d.a nucleotide monomer and DNA is a nucleic acid polymer

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 3-23 Which part of the DNA nucleotide below is different from the analogous nucleotide in RNA? a.Phosphate b.Sugar c.Base d.Bonding

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Which part of the DNA nucleotide below is different from the analogous nucleotide in RNA? a.Phosphate b.Sugar c.Base d.Bonding Figure 3-23