Plant Systems

Two types of systems:  Root System  Shoot System

 Anchorage  Keeps plant in the soil  Holds stem in place  Absorption  water  dissolved minerals  Storage  Starch and nutrients

 Large long primary root  Strong anchoring system  Specialized to store water and nutrients

 Many small roots that branch  Increases surface area  Better absorption, less structural support

Shoot System Function Main functions:  Conduct photosynthesis  Produce flowers for sexual reproduction Main components:  Stem  Leaf  Flower

 Supports branches, leaves and flowers  Transport of water and nutrients through vascular tissue  Some are specialized for food storage. Ex) sugar cane, potatoes, onions

 Main function: Photosynthesis  Parts of the Leaf:  Epidermis  Cuticle  Guard Cells & Stomata  Palisade cells  Spongy Layer  Vascular Tissue

 Outer layers of cells  Cuticle is waxy coating on exterior of leaf  Protects interior, water proofing and blocks passage of gases

 Pore-like openings in the plant’s epidermis  Opening size controlled by two guard cells  permits gas exchange with environment.

 Contains many chloroplast for photosynthesis  Cells stand tall and upright

 Where water is stored  Location of vascular tissues

 Specialized structures developed for sexual reproduction known as pollination  Can contain both male and female reproductive structures in the same flower

 Male reproductive organ: stamen  Pollen (male gametes) produced on anther  Female reproductive organ: pistil  Ovule (female gametes) produced in ovary  Pollination involves the pollen traveling down the style into the ovary for fertilization

 Zygote (fertilized egg) becomes the seed  Ovary becomes the fruit

 Titan Arum’s scent (2:29) cP94&feature=related  Hoverfly and pollen guides (2:29) RI9o  Orchid mimics female wasps (2:59) h8I3cqpgnA h8I3cqpgnA