Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. From SDI to the Geospatial Web: Advancing the SDI Vision in a Changing Technology Environment Taiwan Geographic Information Society Taipei, Taiwan Carl Reed, PhD CTO, OGC October 23, 2008

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Thanks for Inviting Me to Attend!

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Every human activity happens somewhere – and “somewhen”! Can anyone in the audience think of any human activity that is not impacted by location or impacts a location? We have a social responsibility to optimize our decision making by leveraging place Source:

Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. The Challenges and Pressures

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved.Policy Globally, there is wide variation in policy related to: –Information sharing –Access and use –Free versus for fee –Licensing –Funding –Standards –Privacy

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved.Language Not just spoken and written languages but –Semantics –Vocabularies –Content models –Ontologies

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. And ever Changing technology Constantly changing technical environment –The Cloud –Earth Browser Systems –SOA “versus” ROA –SaaS – Software As A Service –Mobility –Geolocated devices and sensors

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Costs due to lack of policy and standards... the annual cost of waste due to inadequate interoperability among computer-aided design, engineering, and software systems in the construction industry to be $15.8 billion NIST report titled "Cost Analysis of Inadequate Interoperability in the U.S. Capital Facilities Industry,"

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008 Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 9 Standards Matter...

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. User Demand: Then and now... The Importance of Geography in our decision processes is not new! The ability for any net citizen to easily use and play with geography as part of their daily decision process is!

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Creating Tension: The new world of Wikinomics Web 2.0 tools have created a platform for mass collaboration on a scale larger than any that government or business have experienced And this is true for the standards community as well. From Tapscott and Williams, Wikinomics. And from Federal Computer Week, May 7, 2007

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. And in this new dynamic world of the GeoWeb The Web punishes complexity and rewards simplicity. But it doesn't reward only simple software; it rewards simple concepts wrapped up in complex software programs. –(Charles Babcock, Information Week, May 7, 2007) The OGC is viewed by many as creating “complex” standards while ad-hoc “standards” developed in the wild are regarded as “simple”.

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. And finally, more and more data everywhere We are now capturing petabytes of geospatial content each day. By 2010, there will be 10,000 sensors for every person on earth – many of these location enabled

Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. The OGC – Standards by Consensus!

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. The OpenGIS® Vision A world in which all people and institutions benefit from spatial information resources and supporting technology services OGC CityGML Urban Model of Berlin Source: Aeronautical SkyView2 uses multiple OGC Standards

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. The OGC Mission development, promotion and harmonization of open and freely available geospatial standards …To serve as a global forum for the development, promotion and harmonization of open and freely available geospatial standards … North Carolina OneMap Natural Resources Canada

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. OGC Snapshot Founded in member organizations Twenty-seven standards Hundreds of implementations Four are ISO Standards –ISO TC 211

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Value of Standards Enhances ROI and reduces risk NASA Study: As compared to a 100% proprietary solution, a standards based enterprise application has a risk-adjusted Return on Investment (ROI) of 163.0% over a 10 year period. Enables interoperable workflows and integration Increases market and revenue opportunity Protects legacy investments Future proofs existing applications Create greater value to an economy than do patents! Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved.

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Alliance Partnerships - Critical To Successful Standards Development and Implementation And other organizations…

Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. What is the Geospatial Web?

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Factors driving the emerging GeoWEB. The emerging GeoWEB represents the convergence of many technology and business factors: –Integrating geospatial content and services into enterprise workflows –Consumer demand –Standards are now available –More and more real time content and web feeds –A logical extension of the semantic web –SDIs are an integral part and they are maturing People like maps! People think and act spatially.

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. What is the GeoWeb? Not separate from the current Web, but integrated Ubiquitous integration of location content and services Just like so many information assets on the internet, the how its done is “Invisible” to the user But it is accessible anytime, anywhere, by anyone. Standards make the GeoWEB reality.

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. The GeoWeb represents an Open Ecology Mike Liebhold presenting at Location Intelligence 2006

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. And... Think of the GeoWeb as merging with the social web – The Social Web, or networking, refers to a category of Internet applications to help connect friends, business partners, or other individuals together using a variety of tools. –Flikr, MySpace, del.icio.us, any number of mashups –Go to for more examples

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. My 2006 prediction Within just a few years: 99.9 percent of people using location (geospatial) on the internet will not be geo-professionals! They will add, update, access, model, and visualize geospatial content at an ever increasing rate.

Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. The Growth of Community Policy on SDI Implementation Best Practices Drives Return on Investment

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. OGC-based Policy Positions OGC-based Policy Positions UK Ordnance Survey distributes its MasterMap product using OGC standards. Canadian, Australian, US, Indian and other national Spatial Data programs recommend OGC standards as best practice for interoperability US CIA and DHS have adopted OGC as part of their Geospatial Enterprise Architectures. European Union INSPIRE Directive requires ISO and OGC standards for improved interoperability for major Environmental, Security and other programs

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Other OGC Based Policy Positions Defense and Intelligence Community –National Geospatial- Intelligence Agency –NATO C3 Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS)

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Norwegian Mapping Authority Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate Directorate for Cultural heritage Norwegian geological survey Directorate for Nature Management Norwegian Property The Norwegian Pollution Control Authority Other … Norwegian Institute of Land Inventory Road authorities Counties Communities/ municipalities Norway: Interoperable Distributed Infrastructure

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved.

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically SLIP-EF Data Download Services User & Information Services OGC Web Services WA Atlas (Map Viewer) Interragator+ (Catalogue) User Services Core Services /ows/waatlas/interragatorplus/datadownload/slip DPI DIA DAFWA DEC FESA DoW DOIR MRWA PTA Water LGA SWDC GA Corp Node Spatial Data Providers SLIP Enabler Middleware VPN over Internet Web Browser Users Business Solution Application Users GIS Application Users SLIP-EF Service Users Landgate Authentication & Authorisation Services Agency Dissemination Services System Mgt Services Security Services Portal Services Payment Services Spatial Data Services Virtual Agency Western Australia - SLIP

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Infrastructure Planning - SLIP

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically A Global, Coordinated, Comprehensive and Sustained System of Earth Observing Systems Address the need for timely, quality, long-term, global information as a basis for sound decision making. Global Earth Observation System of Systems. (GEOSS) Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved.

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) International Network that integrates remote sensing data, other geospatial information, models and monitoring data “I am thrilled with the promise of GEOSS. It can provide us with better information to use in decision-making, producing better decisions that are better informed with more data points. I hope to help make the promise of GEOSS a reality.” Steve Johnson, EPA Administrator

Developing Communities of Practice in Support of SDI Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved.

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Emphasis on Rapid Prototyping And Demonstration of User Requirements Emergency Management / Response OGC Web Services Phase 4 Testbed (2006)

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Emphasis on Rapid Prototyping And Demonstration of User Requirements Emergency Management / Response Defense & Intelligence Empire Challenge 08 Pilot Initiative

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Emphasis on Rapid Prototyping And Demonstration of User Requirements Emergency Management / Response Defense & Intelligence Critical Infrastructure Protection Critical Infrastructure Initiative (2003)

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Emphasis on Rapid Prototyping And Demonstration of User Requirements Emergency Management / Response Defense & Intelligence Critical Infrastructure Protection Oceans Science Best Practices

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Emphasis on Rapid Prototyping And Demonstration of User Requirements Emergency Management / Response Defense & Intelligence Critical Infrastructure Protection Oceans Science Best Practices Geodata Quality and Processing OGC Web Services Phase 5 – Geodata Conflation and Quality Processing Services ( )

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Emphasis on Rapid Prototyping And Demonstration of User Requirements Emergency Management / Response Defense & Intelligence Critical Infrastructure Protection Oceans Science Best Practices Geodata Quality and Processing Federated Geodata Maintenance and Update GeoConnections CGDI Pilot (2007)

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Emphasis on Rapid Prototyping And Demonstration of User Requirements Emergency Management / Response Defense & Intelligence Critical Infrastructure Protection Oceans Science Best Practices Geodata Quality and Processing Federated Geodata Maintenance and Update Developing Community Content Models and GML Application Schemas GeoSciML and the OneGeology Portal

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Emphasis on Rapid Prototyping And Demonstration of User Requirements Emergency Management / Response Defense & Intelligence Critical Infrastructure Protection Oceans Science Best Practices Geodata Quality and Processing Federated Geodata Maintenance and Update Developing Community Content Models and GML Application Schemas GeoSciML and the OneGeology Portal

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Emphasis on Rapid Prototyping And Demonstration of User Requirements Emergency Management / Response Defense & Intelligence Critical Infrastructure Protection Oceans Science Best Practices Geodata Quality and Processing Federated Geodata Maintenance and Update Developing Community Content Models and GML Application Schemas Sensor Networks integrated with SDI Sensor Systems for Landslide Monitoring SLEWS – Part of INSPIRE

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Some OGC Member Focus Areas Digital Norway & Building Permitting

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically OGC and Workflows Orchestrate distributed and disparate services and data needed to implement business processes. Required in many information domains Build once, use many times Numerous OGC projects Memorandums with Work Flow Management Coalition and Open Grid Foundation Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved.

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Seamless integration of Building Information Models (BIM), CAD and Geospatial Information In collaboration with:

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. CAD-GIS Integration: 3D City Models (CityGML) Urban Planning Urban Modeling Microclimate Analysis Emergency Management and Response Logistics Flow Critical Infrastructure Management / Protection Sustainable Communities Retail Services Source: T. H. Kolbe: Standardization of 3D City Models

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Copyright © 2007, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Location Services and the Mobile Internet

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. OGC Sensor Web Enablement Sensor Model Language (SensorML) Transducer Markup Language (TML) Observations & Measurements (O&M) Sensor Planning Service (SPS) Sensor Observation Service (SOS) Sensor Alert Service (SAS) Web Notification Service (WNS) IEEE (sensor) and OASIS (alert) stds Enables discovery, access and application of real time sensor observations for enhanced situational awareness

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. General SWE Architecture

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically The Mass Market Standards for the “Mass Market” –Consumer focus –KML 2.2 is now an OGC Standard –GeoPDF In the works –GeoRSS being considered Flickr GeoRSS map Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved.

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Geospatial Digital Rights Management OGC members are leveraging broader standards based Digital Rights Management (DRM) approaches in conjunction with OGC standards to validate their ability to support geospatial data and services use cases Authentication Licensing Secure Distribution GeoDRM Reference Model: Pricing

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. GRID Computing: SAFORAH  SAFORAH data grid networks Digital certificate signed by Grid Canada; CANARIE fibre backbone across Canada at 10 Gbps. Connection in progress Operational connection

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Putting the pieces together: Workflow for Disaster Response Emergency Discover available sensor assets over Internet Wizard assembles possible workflows Workflow engine controls creation of multi-sensor products, processing and delivery to user desktop Geo-Emergency First responder Theme Based Tasking Request Theme: Loc: Priority: Witch Fire (SoCal) Oct 23, 2007 Result: Efficient / timely use of assets Wizard Workflow Engine

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Geospatially Enabling The Enterprise Basic question one must ask for every business process “What are the key points of interoperability that will enable a unified, coherent system from a user perspective”

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Addressing the Digital Divide Open standards such as those from the OGC provide opportunities for: –Reuse of geospatial information and technologies for new purposes –Lowering the costs of systems maintenance and integration –Selection of technologies based on technology functionality rather than vendor architecture Technology providers can lower costs and increase competitiveness in the marketplace by offering standards- based solutions OGC Web services standards support interoperability for local operations Federated “geosynchronous” data maintenance and update offers opportunity to work remotely and update as possible.

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. To the Geospatial Web “The Geospatial Web is not just a bunch of mash-ups or even the hundreds of SDI's that have been successfully deployed. The Geospatial Web is about the complete integration and use of location at all levels of the internet and the web. This integration will often be invisible to the user. But at the end of the day, the ubiquitous permeation of location into the infrastructure of the internet and the web is being built on standards. “ Dr. Carl Reed CTO Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc CTO’s message, OGC News January 2007

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Questions? Dr. Carl Reed OGC CTO, Chair OGC Consensus Process

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. OGC Public References Adopted Standards: – Sensor Web Enablement: – OGC Reference Model: – OGC Web Services 3 Testbed Video Summary – Compliance Testing and Certification – List of Registered Products using OGC Standards: – OGC User – case studies of OGC implementations in the global community – click on “Press Room”

Helping the World to Communicate Geographically Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Community References Geospatial Standards Return on Investment Study: – Geospatial Profile of the Federal Enterprise Architecture – NATO C3 Technical Architecture – tionale%2Fapb.htmlhttp://nc3ta.nc3a.nato.int/website/book.asp?menuid=15&vs=3&page=ra tionale%2Fapb.html INSPIRE Technical Architecture – Australian Spatial Interoperability Demonstration Project Reference Model –