The Anatomy of the Hip and Pelvis

Bony Landmarks of Femur Bony Anatomy Femur = Thigh Bone Longest and strongest bone Designed for maximum support and mobility during weight- bearing activity Bony Landmarks of Femur Head of Femur Neck of Femur Greater Trochanter Lesser Trochanter

Bony Anatomy Pelvis Bony ring formed by two coxal bones 3 Sections: Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis Sacrum Coccyx

Bony Anatomy

Bony Anatomy Iliac Crest Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS) Bony Landmarks of Pelvis  Iliac Crest  Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS) Ischial Tuberosity  Acetabulum  Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)

Hip Joint Hip joint  Femoral Acetabular Joint Ball and socket joint Head of femur = ball Acetabulum of pelvis = socket Extremely stable joint Great bony stability -- deep acetabulum! Strong ligaments Strong muscles

Pelvic Girdle Pelvic girdle = Pelvis (2 coxal bones), sacrum, and coccyx Two joints 1. Sacroiliac joints Between sacrum and pelvis (ilium) Common place for low back pain 2. Pubic Symphysis Fibro-Cartilage Allows some movement to occur

Hip joint and pelvic girdle work together Pelvis supports spine and trunk and transfers weight to legs

Stabilizing Structures

(Moving thigh forwards) Hip Range of Motion Hip Flexion (Moving thigh forwards)

Hip Extension (Moving thigh backwards) Hip Range of Motion Hip Extension (Moving thigh backwards)

Hip Range of Motion Hip Adduction (Moving the thigh closer to midline)

Hip Range of Motion Hip Abduction (Moving the thigh away from the midline)

Hip Internal Rotation (Head of femur rolls forward- close the gate) Hip Range of Motion Hip Internal Rotation (Head of femur rolls forward- close the gate)

Hip External Rotation (Head of femur rolls backward- open the gate) Hip Range of Motion Hip External Rotation (Head of femur rolls backward- open the gate)

Hip Muscles: Hip Flexors Location: Anterior (FRONT) side of hip joint Iliopsoas Rectus femoris Sartorius

Hip Muscles: Hip Extensors Location: Posterior (BACK) side of hip joint Gluteus Maximus Hamstrings Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris

Hip Muscles: Hip ABDuctors Location: Lateral side of hip joint Gluteus Medius Tensor Fasciae Latae (TFL)

Hip Muscles: Hip ADDuctors Location: Medial side of hip joint Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Gracilis

Hip Muscles: Hip Internal Rotator   Location: Deep posterior hip (underneath gluteals) Gluteus Minimus

Hip Muscles: Hip External Rotator   Location: Deep posterior hip (underneath gluteals) Piriformis