Expressing Future Vyjadrenie budúcnosti

Future Simple Tense “WILL“  FORM: affirmative sentence subject + will + verb (infinitive without “to“ ) Ex.: I will open the door. I ‘ll open the door. (SHORT FORM) “WILL“ is invariable!!! I willWewill You willYouwill He/She/ItwillThey will

 FORM: negative sentence subject + will not + verb (infinitive without “to“) Ex.: I will not be there. SHORT FORM: WON‘T (invariable) Iwon‘tWe won‘t Youwon‘tYouwon‘t He/She/Itwon‘tThey won‘t

 FORM: question (question word) + will + subject + verb +... ? (infinitive without “to“) Ex.:Will you arrive on time? Where will you be tomorrow? SHORT ANSWERS: Yes, pronoun + will. No, pronoun + won‘t. Ex.: Yes, I will. No, I won‘t.

USE:  SPONTANEOUS DECISION - there is no plan or decision to make something before we speak Ex.: The phone is ringing. I will answer it.  PREDICTION - based on personal opinion (what we think will happen) Ex.: In the year 2050 all students will have their own computers in school. - usually used with expressions: I think, I believe, I bet, I am sure/ afraid, I suppose, I hope, I expect or adverbs such as probably, perhaps, definitely, possibly, certainly, etc.

 OFFERS / WILLINGNESS - to offer our help to somebody Ex.: I‘ll help you with the homework.  PROMISES - to make a promise Ex.: Don‘t worry. I will be careful. I won't tell anyone your secret.  REQUESTS FOR HELP - To ask somebody to do something for us Ex.: Will you open the door for me?

 ACTIONS IN THE FUTURE THAT CAN NOT BE INFLUENCED - to talk about something that will definitely happen in the future because it is inevitable, we cannot change or control it using external factors: Ex.: The sun will rise at 6.35 tomorrow. The temperature will drop during the weekend. Christmas Eve will fall on Monday this year.

Future with MODALS  might, may - when we talk about possible actions or happenings in the future Ex.: I might stay at home tonight, or I might go to the cinema. Ann may come to the party on Friday. This might create a more peaceful world in the future.

Future with “TO BE GOING TO“  FORM: affirmative sentence subject + to be + going to + verb (infinitive without “to“ ) Ex.: She is going to buy a new car. We are going to travel by train. Only “TO BE“ is variable!!! I am going toWeare going to Youare going toYouare going to Heis going toThey are going to She is going to Itis going to

 FORM: negative sentence subject + to be + not + going to + verb (infinitive without “to“) Ex.: I am not going to meet Jane tonight. SHORT FORM: TO BE NOT (variable) I‘m not going to We aren‘t going to Youaren‘t going to He/She/Itisn‘t going to They aren‘t going to

 FORM: question (q. word) + to be + subject + going to + verb +... ? (infinitive without “to“) Ex.:Are you going to play football on Thursday? What is she going to do tomorrow? SHORT ANSWERS: Yes, pronoun + to be. No, pronoun + to be not. Ex.: Yes, I am. No, she isn‘t.

USE:  FUTURE PLANS, INTENTIONS - an action in the near future that has already been planned or prepared Ex.: We are going to buy a new car next month.  WE CAN SEE THAT SOMETHING IS LIKELY TO HAPPEN - we know that something is going to happen in the future because there is something in the present that show us this, an indication. Ex.: Look at the black clouds. It is going to rain. I feel terrible. I‘m going to be sick.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS for the future USE:  ARRANGEMENTS - we are talking about what we have already arranged to do  Ex.: What are you doing tomorrow evening? I’m going to the theatre. - there is a suggestion that more than one person is aware of the event, and that some preparation has already happened.

 I'm meeting Jim at the airport = and both Jim and I have discussed this.  I am leaving tomorrow. = and I've already bought my train ticket. - The time is nearly always given and is usually in the immediate future.  He is playing in the concert tonight.  We are meeting him after the performance.

PRESENT SIMPLE for the future USE:  FIXED FUTURE EVENTS - actions set by a timetable or schedule  Ex.: The last train to Rome leaves at  - Only a few verbs are used in this way, for example: be, open, close, begin, start, end, finish, arrive, come, leave, return