Post War Canada CHC2D Summer

Cold War Begins WW 2 1939 – 1945 Two superpowers USA vs. USSR NATO vs. Warsaw Pact Capitalism / Democracy vs. Communism Igor Gouzenko spy controversy in Ottawa

United Nations (UN) Big Five  USA, Britain, France and USSR, China Canada  Middle Power Goals World Peace Justice & Law Human Rights & Equality Friendly Relations

Louis St. Laurent Era 1948 - 1957 Baby Boom  suburbia Immigration  workers help build homes, cars & roads for the economic boom Korean War – UN peacekeeping Suez Crisis  UN Emergency Force

John Diefenbaker Era 1957 - 1963 Quiet Revolution  Quebec Premier Duplessis’s death leads to reform & modernization Maitres chez nous (Masters in our own house)  Quebecois not Canadien Canadian Bill of Rights 1960 NORAD  Bomarc Missiles not Avro Arrow Cuban Missile Crisis – poor relationship with Pres. Kennedy

Lester Pearson Era 1963 - 1968 Canada Pension Plan, Canada Assistance Plan, Medicare New flag 1965 Submitted to USA with nuclear Bomarc missiles in Canada Auto Pact 1965  good jobs & inexpensive cars Expo 67 Centennial Celebration

Pierre Trudeau Era 1968 - 1984 Trudeaumania – landslide 1968 election victory Official Languages Act 1969  bilingualism (English/French) October Crisis 1970  War Measures Act used to put down FLQ terrorism Parti Quebecois  Bill 101 1980 Constitutional Crisis Constitution Act 1982 – Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Brian Mulroney Era 1984 - 1993 Close with US President Reagan Free Trade Agreement (FTA) election issue in 1988 FTA  NAFTA = USA-Mexico -Canada 1993 Meech Lake Accord – Quebec recognized as “distinct society” Charlottetown Accord – failed as well in 1992 referendum Oka Standoff – Aboriginal rights

Cold War Ends USSR – new leader Gorbachev  “perestroika” & “glasnost” Warsaw Pact loosened  Iron Curtain falls Berlin Wall torn down in 1989 USSR  breaks into smaller democratic countries by 1991