T OPIC : A CID -B ASE N EUTRALIZATION & C ONTINUATION OF E XPERIMENT Date: Monday, April 15 th, 2013 G RADE 10: C HEMISTRY

I NEED TO S EE THE F OLLOWING P EOPLE AT L UNCH IN ROOM 117 O R C OMPLETE T ODAY IN C LASS Jana Samantha Cody Kendra Devin Aaron Andrés Vanna Abbie Andie Abbie Andie Cody Kyle Leo Samantha Monday at lunch (Quizzes) Tuesday at Lunch (Lab)

P UZZLERS Created by: Mr. Luoma

E LEMENT OF THE D AY

Which metal is invaluable and sparse, but known as the _________ standard of metals?

E LEMENT OF THE D AY : G OLD Atomic Number: Protons, 79 Electron Atomic Weight: Location: Group 11 Transition Metal Inherently valuable Sparse

E LEMENT OF THE D AY : G OLD Why is Gold cool to learn about? Electronics: Does not tarnish Good conductor of electricity Recycling electronics to recover the gold is a big business Jewellery Beautiful colour and shine that lasts forever Beauty of gold is built into its atomic structure (not only skin-deep) Statues/Figurines

E LEMENT OF THE D AY : G OLD Element Video: Reactions of gold 4 minutes

6.3 Reactions of Acids and Bases Copyright © 2010 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. Emissions and acid rain produced by smelters around Sudbury have had a devastating impact on the local environment. Reductions in the levels of these pollutants have given the area a chance to recover. (Page 236)

Acid-Base Neutralization Neutralization is the reaction of an acid and a base to form a salt and water. HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) H 2 O (l) + NaCl(aq) Interactive Video: “Acid-Base Neutralization” Resource CD Copyright © 2010 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. (Page 237)

Neutralizing Stomach Acid Copyright © 2010 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. Antacids such as those shown below are taken to neutralize excess acid produced in the dark pits of the stomach lining shown on the right. This excess acid leads to a burning sensation called heartburn. (Page 237)

Effects of Acid Precipitation Copyright © 2010 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. Changes in the pH of water can be abrupt when a rapid snowmelt in the spring releases large amounts of acid trapped in the snow. Gradual changes in the pH of waterways can reduce fish and waterfowl populations dramatically. Food that these animals rely on disappears, and low pH levels have a negative effect on reproduction. (Pages ) Acid precipitation (acid rain) is rain that has a pH lower than that of normal rain (which is around 5.6).

Renewing Acidified Lakes Copyright © 2010 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. One strategy for reversing the effects of acid precipitation is to add basic materials to neutralize the acid in lakes. Liming involves the application of basic materials, typically lime-based, to renew acidified lakes and regions. (Page 243)

A CID & B ASE P H E XPERIMENT Complete the Materials, Methods, and Hypothesis sections on the experiment handouts (1 per group) Show teacher for approval Create a table to record your results Gather the materials needed for your experiment WEAR YOUR SAFETY GOGGLES!! Complete the experiment & record your Results Clean up after your experiment Fill out the Discussion and Conclusion sections and hand in for marking When fully completed, start working on the Chemistry Unit Test Review

M ATERIALS F OR E XPERIMENT Vegetable Oil Hydrochloric Acid Bleach Water Soapy Water Salt Water Baking soda Milk of Magnesia Ammonia Listerine Floor Cleaner (All-purpose) Vinegar Test tubes & racks Beakers Pipettes or eye droppers pH Scale pH Strips Litmus Paper Universal Indicator pH Indicators pH Meters Textbook (pages 229 – 234) Ask for others… Available SubstancesAvailable Materials

S UPPORTING D OCUMENTS ON Science 10 Textbook Pages:

H OMEWORK ON Science 10 Textbook Pg. 236 #1-4 Pg. 243 #5-8 Pg. 246 #1-8

H OMEWORK A NSWERS Pg Neutralization is the chemical reaction of an acid with a base to form water and a salt (a solution with a pH of 7). Example: NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H 2 O(ℓ) 2. Graphic organizer should show that the reactants are an acid and a base and the products are a (neutral combination of a) salt and water. 3. Neutralizing spilled acid makes it safer for clean-up crews to handle and helps protect the environment from extreme pH levels. 4. Example: The spill kit contains an “acid neutralizer” powder that should be spread over a spilled acid, and a “base neutralizer” that should be spread over a spilled base. The pH of each powder neutralizes the spill, reducing the hazard due to extreme pH levels.

H OMEWORK A NSWERS Pg % 7. Drawings should show emission sources including vehicle exhaust, industrial plants, and electric utilities, as well as the technologies that work to eliminate these emissions including catalytic converters and scrubbers. 8. Examples: Both reduce symptoms without eliminating the cause; or, many factors must be considered to determine the correct dose.

H OMEWORK A NSWERS Pg H 2 SO 4 + 2KOH → 2H 2 O + K 2 SO 4 ; potassium sulfate; K 2 SO 4 2. Antacid contains a base that neutralizes stomach acids that cause upsetting. 3. Nitrogen oxides react with water in the atmosphere to form acids; scrubbers; 25% 4. sulfur trioxide

H OMEWORK A NSWERS Pg Example: A large change in the variety of plankton and moss (loss of some and invasion by others) and loss of some types of fish. 6. Pamphlets should include reactions for the decomposition of calcium carbonate, the synthesis of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, and the synthesis of calcium sulfite. Power generation and metal refinement already use this technology. Ethanol plants and ocean liners (ships) could use the technology. 7. Acid precipitation could leach aluminum from surrounding rocks and soil into the lake. 8. Example: Precipitation continues to be more acidic than is natural, harming organisms sensitive to pH. Many sensitive lakes and forest areas are still vulnerable to acid rain. Regions of Ontario vary in the land’s composition, and thus its natural ability to neutralize acid rain.