Kingdom Plantae: Plants

I. Plant Characteristics A. Eukaryotic B. Autotrophic C. Stationary D. Multicellular E. Have complex organs and systems

Nonvascular Plants II. Nonvascular Plants A. Also called bryophytes B. Have no vascular system C. Must live near water (need water for reproduction—use spores) D. Cannot grow tall E. Transport water by osmosis cell to cell F. Example: moss

Moss

Vascular Plants III. Vascular Plants A. Also called tracheophytes B. Have a vascular system made of 2 Types of Tissues: 1. xylem—transports water and nutrients 2. phloem—transports food C. Can grow very tall D. Can live far away from water

Vascular cell

E. Categories of Vascular Plants 1. Seedless Plants --only use spores to reproduce ex: ferns

Alternation of Generations

2. Seed Plants a. Gymnosperms—“naked seeds” ex: conifers— such as pines, firs, spruce

Spruce Trees

Gymnosperm Life Cycle

(Seed Plants continued) b. Angiosperms—flowering plants— produce seeds enclosed in a fruit *2 Types of angiosperms: monocots 1. monocots—one seed leaf; parallel veins in leaves ex: grass, corn, tulips, lilies

dicots 2. dicots—2 seed leaves; branching veins in leaves ex: daisies, bean plants, azaleas, oak trees, apple trees

Types of Asexual Reproduction Vegetative Propagation/Reproduction