The South People and Cotton. Cotton Kingdom By 1850, Deep South had more people GA, SC, AL, MS, LA, TX European mills wanted cotton Whitney’s cotton gin.

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Presentation transcript:

The South People and Cotton

Cotton Kingdom By 1850, Deep South had more people GA, SC, AL, MS, LA, TX European mills wanted cotton Whitney’s cotton gin increased productivity More cotton = more slaves Upper South: Tobacco, hemp, wheat, veggies Deep South: Cotton, rice, sugarcane

Southern Industry Very few factories Would need to sell slaves to get machines Most of pop. was slaves, no $ to buy stuff Most cities located near rivers or coast Poor roads and few railroads North had cheaper transportation and could charge less for goods

Farmers Yeoman- white men owning acre farms (1 acre =football field) Tenant farmers- rented land from owners Plantation owners- 1,000s of acres Plantation wives- ran the show while husband was gone, kept track of $ Overseer- plantation manager

Slave Life Marriages weren’t legal & families were separated Formed networks of relatives- extended families Slave import banned By 1860, most slaves were born in US

Slave Life Customs are important- work song/field holler zlSq4mWiE&feature=share&list=RD65ewGQiN 3SI&index=5 zlSq4mWiE&feature=share&list=RD65ewGQiN 3SI&index=5 Many slaves followed African religions Others accepted Christianity and sang spirituals to communicate w/ each other Led to Rock and Roll

Slave Codes Black code or Negro Laws Aimed to prevent rebellion Couldn’t gather in large groups Needed a written pass to leave plantation Couldn’t learn to read or write (literacy) Nat Turner led revolt & terrified whites

Escaping Slavery Underground Railroad- network of “safe houses” owned by people opposed to slavery Harriet Tubman- African American leader, also women’s suffrage (vote) Frederick Douglass- African American leader Escape to North but severely punished if caught

Punishment

Southern Cities Mostly agricultural Baltimore, MD; New Orleans, LA; Charleston, SC; Richmond, VA on seaports or rivers Railroad cities: Atlanta, GA; Montgomery, AL; Chattanooga, TN African Amer. formed own communities Many thought education should be private Few schools, literacy was very low

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